ACS nano
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COVID-19 has spread globally since its discovery in Hubei province, China in December 2019. A combination of computed tomography imaging, whole genome sequencing, and electron microscopy were initially used to screen and identify SARS-CoV-2, the viral etiology of COVID-19. ⋯ We describe point-of-care diagnostics that are on the horizon and encourage academics to advance their technologies beyond conception. Developing plug-and-play diagnostics to manage the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak would be useful in preventing future epidemics.
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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a newly emerging human infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, previously called 2019-nCoV). Based on the rapid increase in the rate of human infection, the World Health Organization (WHO) has classified the COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic. Because no specific drugs or vaccines for COVID-19 are yet available, early diagnosis and management are crucial for containing the outbreak. ⋯ Our FET device could detect the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein at concentrations of 1 fg/mL in phosphate-buffered saline and 100 fg/mL clinical transport medium. In addition, the FET sensor successfully detected SARS-CoV-2 in culture medium (limit of detection [LOD]: 1.6 × 101 pfu/mL) and clinical samples (LOD: 2.42 × 102 copies/mL). Thus, we have successfully fabricated a promising FET biosensor for SARS-CoV-2; our device is a highly sensitive immunological diagnostic method for COVID-19 that requires no sample pretreatment or labeling.
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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have exhibited regenerative capability in animal models of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) acute kidney injury (AKI) and are considered as potential alternatives to direct MSC therapy. However, real-time in vivo imaging of MSC-EVs in renal I/R injury has yet to be established. Renal intracellular targets of MSC-EVs responsible for their regenerative effects also remain elusive. ⋯ Increased microRNA-200a-3p expression in renal TECs induced by MSC-EVs was identified as a regulatory mechanism contributing to the protective actions on mitochondria as well as stimulating the renal signal transduction pathways. In conclusion, MSC-EVs accumulated in the renal tubules during renal I/R injury and promoted the recovery of kidney function via activating the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway and enhancing mitochondrial function of TECs. DPA-SCP with AIE characteristics allows noninvasive and precise in vivo visualization of MSC-EVs in kidney repair.