International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics : the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
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Int J Gynaecol Obstet · Oct 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialAnalgesic efficacy of intramuscular opioids versus epidural analgesia in labor.
To compare analgesic efficacy of intramuscular opioids: meperidine and tramadol with epidural analgesia. ⋯ The analgesic efficacy and maternal satisfaction is better with epidural analgesia than with opioids. Analgesia provided by meperidine and tramadol is comparable and approximately 50% of women rated the analgesia as good. Meperidine is better in the second stage than tramadol. Hence in developing nations where availability of facilities is the main limiting factor, intramuscular opioids can be considered suitable alternatives.
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Int J Gynaecol Obstet · Oct 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialIntrauterine lidocaine gel application for pain relief during and after hysterosalpingography.