Innate immunity
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Our aim was to examine the effect of low-volume 0.9% NaCl adenosine, lidocaine and Mg2+ (ALM) 'drip' on early immune-inflammatory activation after a single laparotomy with no further manipulation. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized and randomly assigned to one of the groups, baseline, 1 h infusion 0.9% NaCl ± ALM and metrics, 1 h infusion and 6-h metrics, and 6 h continuous infusion and metrics. Complete blood count, acid-base balance, systemic levels of IL-6 and IL-10, and coagulation status were measured. ⋯ Following a single laparotomy, ALM infusion appeared to reduce stress-induced release of neutrophils and platelets into the circulation, and reduced acid-base disturbance. After 1 h, both groups had similar IL-6 levels, but ALM animals had increased IL-10, indicating improved inflammatory balance. The uncoupling of inflammation and coagulation activation but not fibrinolysis may offer a unique opportunity to investigate differential activation of innate immunity in response to sterile injury in this model.