International journal of rheumatic diseases
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Therapeutic ultrasound versus sham ultrasound for the management of patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized double-blind controlled clinical study.
The aim of this trial was to evaluate the short-term effectiveness of ultrasound (US) therapy on pain, physical function, ambulation activity, disability and psychological status in patients with knee OA. ⋯ US therapy is safe but use of US in addition to conventional physical therapy programs seems to have no further significant effect in people with knee OA.
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Pro-inflammatory cytokines are found to be elevated in patients with anxiety and depression but whether their serum levels are related to anxiety and depression is unknown. We used rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as an inflammatory disease model to explore such relationships. ⋯ Serum IL-17 was elevated in RA patients, especially in those with anxiety. In addition, IL-17 level was independently associated with higher anxiety score.