Drug testing and analysis
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Drug testing and analysis · Oct 2016
Diphenidine, a new psychoactive substance: metabolic fate elucidated with rat urine and human liver preparations and detectability in urine using GC-MS, LC-MSn , and LC-HR-MSn.
Diphenidine is a new psychoactive substance (NPS) sold as a 'legal high' since 2013. Case reports from Sweden and Japan demonstrate its current use and the necessity of applying analytical procedures in clinical and forensic toxicology. Therefore, the phase I and II metabolites of diphenidine should be identified and based on these results, the detectability using standard urine screening approaches (SUSAs) be elucidated. ⋯ In incubations with CYP2D6 hydroxy-aryl and hydroxy-piperidine metabolites were detected. After application of a common users' dose, diphenidine metabolites could be detected in rat urine by the authors' GC-MS as well as LC-MSn SUSA. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.