Endoscopy
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Sedation for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: a comparative study of propofol and midazolam.
A benzodiazepine is generally used when sedation is required for endoscopy, whilst the newer agent propofol appears to have a more suitable pharmacokinetic profile. The aim of this study was to compare the quality of sedation provided by midazolam and propofol under controlled conditions. ⋯ Compared to midazolam, propofol facilitated gastroscopy to a greater extent. However, due to its narrower therapeutic range, propofol is the more demanding agent to administer, thus making it less universally applicable than midazolam.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The role of pethidine in sedation for colonoscopy.
As sedation with a combination of benzodiazepines and opioids has been associated with an increased risk of serious cardiorespiratory events, it is rarely used in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The combination is, however, still commonly used in sedation for colonscopy and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). This study aimed to determine the benefits and disadvantages of adding pethidine to diazepam (Diazemuls) in the sedation for colonoscopic examinations. ⋯ Although the patients had no preference for either regime, there may be an advantage in using the combination of Diazemuls and pethidine, as there was a trend for this combination to be preferred by the colonoscopists. The combination of a benzodiazepine with an opiate should be used with caution, however, as there was a greater requirement for oxygen in the group sedated by Diazemuls and pethidine.