Circulation. Cardiovascular genetics
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Circ Cardiovasc Genet · Oct 2014
Observational StudyElevated remnant cholesterol in 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency in the general population: Mendelian randomization study.
Low plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels are associated with high cardiovascular risk. This may be because that low 25(OH)D levels are associated with high levels of atherogenic lipoproteins, but whether these 2 risk factors are genetically associated is unknown. We tested this hypothesis. ⋯ Genetically elevated nonfasting remnant cholesterol is associated with low 25(OH)D levels, whereas genetically reduced high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol is not associated with low 25(OH)D levels. These findings suggest that low 25(OH)D levels observationally is simply a marker for elevated atherogenic lipoproteins and question a role for vitamin D supplementation in the prevention of cardiovascular disease.
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Circ Cardiovasc Genet · Oct 2014
Toll-like receptor 4 regulates platelet function and contributes to coagulation abnormality and organ injury in hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation.
Growing evidence indicates that the presence of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on platelets is a key regulator of platelet number and function. Platelets exposed to TLR4 agonists may serve to activate other cells such as neutrophils and endothelial cells in sepsis and other inflammatory conditions. The functional significance of platelet TLR4 in hemorrhagic shock (HS), however, remains unexplored. ⋯ We demonstrate for the first time that platelet TLR4 is an essential mediator of the inflammatory response as well as platelet activation and function in HS and resuscitation.
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Circ Cardiovasc Genet · Oct 2014
Meta AnalysisMultiple associated variants increase the heritability explained for plasma lipids and coronary artery disease.
Plasma lipid levels as well as coronary artery disease (CAD) have been shown to be highly heritable with estimates ranging from 40% to 60%. However, top variants detected by large-scale genome-wide association studies explain only a fraction of the total variance in plasma lipid phenotypes and CAD. ⋯ These results demonstrate that a portion of the missing heritability for lipid traits and CAD can be explained by multiple variants at each locus.
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Circ Cardiovasc Genet · Oct 2014
G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 gene polymorphisms are associated with postoperative atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting in patients receiving β-blockers.
We hypothesized that genetic variations in the adrenergic signaling pathway and cytochrome P450 2D6 enzyme are associated with new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting and were treated with perioperative β-blockers (BBs). ⋯ In patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, genetic variation in GRK5 is associated with postoperative AF despite perioperative BB therapy.
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Circ Cardiovasc Genet · Oct 2014
Adrenomedullin and arterial stiffness: integrative approach combining monocyte ADM expression, plasma MR-Pro-ADM, and genome-wide association study.
Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a circulating vasoactive peptide involved in vascular homeostasis and endothelial function. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the ADM gene are associated with blood pressure variability, and elevated levels of plasma midregional proadrenomedullin (MR-pro-ADM) are associated with cardiovascular diseases. ⋯ These results support an involvement of the ADM gene in the modulation of peripheral vascular tone.