Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine
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18F-Fluciclovine is a novel PET/CT tracer. This blinded image evaluation (BIE) sought to demonstrate that, after limited training, readers naïve to 18F-fluciclovine could interpret 18F-fluciclovine images from subjects with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer with acceptable diagnostic performance and reproducibility. The primary objectives were to establish individual readers' diagnostic performance and the overall interpretation (2/3 reader concordance) compared with standard-of-truth data (histopathology or clinical follow-up) and to evaluate interreader reproducibility. ⋯ Intrareader agreement was 97.8%, 96.9%, and 99.1% at the lesion level; 100%, 100%, and 91.7% in the prostate region; and 83.3%, 75.0%, and 83.3% in the extraprostatic region for readers 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Concordance between the BIE and the onsite reader exceeded 75% for each reader at the lesion, region, and subject levels. Conclusion: Specific training in the use of standardized interpretation methodology for assessment of 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT images enables naïve readers to achieve acceptable diagnostic performance and reproducibility when staging recurrent prostate cancer.