Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine
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Brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) use brain activity to control external devices, facilitating paralyzed patients to interact with the environment. In this review, we focus on the current advances of non-invasive BMIs for communication in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and for restoration of motor impairment after severe stroke. ⋯ In addition to assisted communication, BMI is also being extensively studied for motor recovery after stroke. BMI for stroke motor recovery includes intensive BMI training linking brain activity related to patient's intention to move the paretic limb with the contingent sensory feedback of the paretic limb movement guided by assistive devices. BMI studies in this area are mainly focused on EEG- or magnetoencephalography (MEG)-BMI systems due to their high temporal resolution, which facilitates online contingency between intention to move and sensory feedback of the intended movement. EEG-BMI training was recently demonstrated in a controlled study to significantly improve motor performance in stroke patients with severe paresis. Neural basis for BMI-induced restoration of motor function and perspectives for future BMI research for stroke motor recovery are discussed.
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Ann Phys Rehabil Med · Dec 2014
Cognitive and behavioural post-traumatic impairments: what is the specificity of a brain injury ? A study within the ESPARR cohort.
The variety and extent of impairments occurring after traumatic brain injury vary according to the nature and severity of the lesions. In order to better understand their interactions and long-term outcome, we have studied and compared the cognitive and neurobehavioral profile one year post onset of patients with and without traumatic brain injury in a cohort of motor vehicle accident victims. ⋯ The presence and the initial severity of a traumatic brain injury condition the nature and frequency of residual effects after one year. Some impairments such as irritability, which is generally associated with traumatic brain injury, do not appear to be specific to this population, nor does depressive mood. Substantial interactions between cognitive, affective and neurobehavioral disorders have been highlighted.
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Ann Phys Rehabil Med · Dec 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparison of the clinical effectiveness of thermal cure and rehabilitation in knee osteoarthritis. A randomized therapeutic trial.
To compare the benefits of a thermal cure and non-thermal rehabilitation in treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). ⋯ In our study, crenobalneotherapy had resulted, at 12months, in more pronounced long-term improvement of the painful symptoms of KOA than had non-thermal rehabilitation.
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Ann Phys Rehabil Med · Dec 2014
Validation of an Arabic version of the Oswestry index in Saudi Arabia.
The aim of this study was to adapt and validate the Tunisian version of the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) within a Saudi Arabian population. ⋯ The Arabic version of the ODI adapted to the Saudi population has high metrological qualities. Further studies assessing its responsiveness to change should be conducted.