Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine
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Ann Phys Rehabil Med · Dec 2014
Pain during injections of botulinum toxin in children: Influence of the localization technique.
In this study, we consider two localization techniques used in injections of botulinium toxin in children: electrical stimulation and ultrasound. The hypothesis of this work was that injections performed without stimulation would be less painful. ⋯ When compared to ultrasound detection, localization by electrostimulation appears to increase the overall pain caused during injections of botulinum toxin in children.
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Ann Phys Rehabil Med · Dec 2014
Letter Case ReportsEpidural lipomatosis: a possible cause of back pain.
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Ann Phys Rehabil Med · Nov 2014
ReviewPost-stroke hemiplegia rehabilitation: evolution of the concepts.
Stroke rehabilitation has undergone a revolution over the last three decades. Cohort studies have consistently reinforced the importance of post-stroke rehabilitation to stimulate recovery, but the concepts of empirical methods originally proposed by therapists to rehabilitate these patients have not withstood clinical analysis. ⋯ These neuroscience discoveries constitute the grounds needed to understand the emergence of new technologies: robotics and virtual reality. The objective of this review of the literature was to select key works in this field to better understand current therapeutic possibilities.
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Ann Phys Rehabil Med · Nov 2014
ReviewNon-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) and motor recovery after stroke.
Recovery of motor function after stroke occurs largely on the basis of a sustained capacity of the adult brain for plastic changes. This brain plasticity has been validated by functional imaging and electrophysiological studies. Various concepts of how to enhance beneficial plasticity and in turn improve functional recovery are emerging based on the concept of functional interhemispheric balance between the two motor cortices. ⋯ Depending on the different electrophysiological parameters of stimulation used, NIBS can induce a transient modulation of the excitability of the stimulated motor cortex (facilitation or inhibition) via a probable LTP-LTD-like mechanism. Several small studies have shown feasible and positive treatment effects for most of these strategies and their potential clinical relevance to help restoring the disruption of interhemispheric imbalance after stroke. Results of these studies are encouraging but many questions remain unsolved: what are the optimal stimulation parameters? What is the best NIBS intervention? Which cortex, injured or intact, should be stimulated? What is the best window of intervention? Is there a special subgroup of stroke patients who could strongly benefit from these interventions? Finally is it possible to boost NIBS treatment effect by motor training of the paretic hand or by additional neuropharmacological interventions? There is clearly a need for large-scale, controlled, multicenter trials to answer these questions before proposing their routine use in the management of stroke patients.
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Ann Phys Rehabil Med · Aug 2014
The value of nerve blocks in the diagnoses and treatment of complex regional pain syndrome type 1: a series of 14 cases.
Complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS-1) can progress to joint stiffness, which may be related to pain and/or capsule-ligament contracture. In this context, it is difficult to distinguish the respective causative roles of pain and contractures. Nerve blocks (NBs) can be used to determine the aetiology of joint stiffness. Subsequent treatment will depend on whether contractures are present or not. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic value of the nerve blocks in the management of joint stiffness caused by CRPS-1. ⋯ Nerve block is a valuable diagnostic and therapeutic option in the management of joint stiffness caused by CRPS-1.