Injury
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Comparative Study
A comparison of actual and theoretical treatments of glenoid fractures.
There is no consensus on the operative treatment of glenoid fractures. The purpose of this study was to see whether there was a difference between how patients with a glenoid fracture would receive treatment according to theoretical operative indications based on the measurement of computed tomography (CT) scans and radiographs and the treatment they actually received in our institutions. ⋯ Therapeutic, level III.
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Observational Study
Late implant sepsis after fracture surgery in HIV positive patients.
A prospective cohort study was undertaken to assess the incidence of late-implant sepsis after internal fixation in HIV-positive patients. A total of 91 HIV-positive patients (67 males and 24 females) who underwent 103 procedures (111 implants) were followed up for a mean period of 27 months (range 12-66 months). No occurrences of late implant sepsis were found in 100 implants (94 procedures) in 82 patients at 27 months' follow-up (range 12-66 months). ⋯ There was no evidence of subsequent late implant sepsis in any of these patients, at a mean follow-up of 25 months (range 12-52 months). This study demonstrates that it is safe to perform internal fixation in HIV-positive patients, with no observed increase risk of late implant sepsis. There is no indication to remove implants after fracture union, other than for the general clinical indications that may lead to removal of metal work in any patient.
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The detection of occult or unpredictable injuries in motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) is crucial in correctly triaging patients and thus reducing fatalities. The purpose of the study was to develop a metric that indicates the likelihood that an injury sustained in a MVC would require management at a Level I/II trauma centre (TC) versus a non-trauma centre (non-TC). ⋯ The analysis indicated that the TSMAIS is not solely correlated with AIS severity and therefore it captures other important aspects of injury such as predictability and trauma system capabilities. The TS and TSMAIS can be useful in advanced automatic crash notification (AACN) research for the detection of highly unpredictable injuries in MVCs that require direct transport to a TC.
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Comparative Study
Short-term complications in hip fracture surgery using spinal versus general anaesthesia.
Spinal anaesthesia when compared to general anaesthesia has been shown to decrease postoperative morbidity in orthopaedic surgery. The aim of the present study was to assess the differences in thirty-day morbidity and mortality for patients undergoing hip fracture surgery with spinal versus general anaesthesia. ⋯ Patients who underwent hip fracture surgery with general anaesthesia had a higher risk of thirty-day complications as compared to patients who underwent hip fracture repair with spinal anaesthesia. Surgeons should consider using spinal anaesthesia for hip fracture surgery.
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The Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOSE) is the established functional outcome scale to assess disability following traumatic brain injury (TBI), however does not capture the patient's subjective perspective. Health-related quality of life (HRQL) does capture the individual's perception of disability after TBI, and has therefore been recognized as an important outcome in TBI. In contrast to GOSE, HRQL enables comparison of health outcome across various disease states and with healthy individuals. We aimed to assess functional outcome, HRQL, recovery, and predictors of 6 and 12-month outcome in a comprehensive sample of patients with mild, moderate or severe TBI, and to examine the relationship between functional impairment (GOSE) and HRQL. ⋯ HRQL and recovery patterns differ for mild, moderate and severe TBI. This study indicates that GOSE, although clinically relevant, fails to capture the subjective perspective of TBI patients, which endorses the use of HRQL as valuable addition to established instruments in assessing disability following TBI. Influence of TBI severity on recovery, together with female gender, older age, co-morbidity and high ISS should be considered in long-term follow-up and intervention programs.