Injury
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National quality data for trauma care in Norway have not previously been reported. We have therefore assessed crude and risk-adjusted 30-day mortality in trauma cases after primary hospital admission on national and regional levels for 36 acute care hospitals and four regional trauma centres. ⋯ Differences in risk-adjusted survival for severe injuries can to a large extent be attributed to whether patients are directly admitted to a trauma centre. This should have implications for planning of transport capacity in remote areas.
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The risk factors for unplanned emergency department (ED) visits and readmission after injury and the impact of these unplanned visits on long-term outcomes are not well understood. We aim to: 1) describe the incidence of and risk factors for injury-related ED visits and unplanned readmissions following injury and, 2) explore the relationship between these unplanned visits and mental and physical health outcomes 6-12 months post-injury. ⋯ Injury-related ED visits and unplanned readmissions are common after hospital discharge following treatment of moderate-severe injury and are associated with worse mental and physical health outcomes.
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Outcomes of trauma patients who tested positive for cannabis at the time of admission showed variable results. Sample size and research methodology that was used in prior studies may have resulted in the conflict. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the impact of cannabis use on outcomes in trauma patients using national data. Our hypothesis was that the use of cannabis will impact outcomes. ⋯ Cannabis was not associated with overall in-hospital mortality or morbidity. There was a slight decrease in the incidence of PE in the cannabis positive group.
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Implementation of evidence-based approaches to reduce the substantial health, social, and financial burdens of road traffic injuries and deaths in Ghana and other low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs) is vitally important. Consensus from national stakeholders can provide insight into what evidence to generate and which interventions to prioritize for road safety. The main objective of this study was to elicit expert views on the barriers to reaching international and national road safety targets, the gaps in national-level research, implementation, and evaluation, and the future action priorities. ⋯ This modified Delphi process with stakeholders from Ghana generated consensus on road safety research, implementation, and evaluation priorities.
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Comparative Study
Comparison of rampage and non-rampage mass shootings in the U.S.: A 5-year demographic analysis.
Rampage mass shootings (RMS) are a subset of mass shootings occurring in public involving random victims. Due to rarity, RMS are not well-characterized. We aimed to compare RMS and NRMS. We hypothesized that RMS and NRMS would be significantly different with respect to time/season, location, demographics, victim number/fatality rate, victims being law enforcement, and firearm characteristics. ⋯ The demographics, temporality, and location differ between RMS and NRMS, suggesting that they are dissimilar and require different preventive approaches.