Chest
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To evaluate changes in health-related quality of life (HRQL) as assessed by the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36-item questionnaire (SF-36) after pulmonary rehabilitation and lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS). ⋯ Patients with severe emphysema experience significant improvements in both physical and social health status as assessed by the SF-36 after combined pulmonary rehabilitation and LVRS. Each intervention makes unique and complementary contributions to the overall improvements in HRQL.
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Bronchoscopic manipulation of an endobronchial carcinoid can precipitate a carcinoid crisis. Coronary artery spasm is an uncommon manifestation of carcinoid crisis, and has never been reported as a complication of flexible bronchoscopy. We report a case of a 10-year-old girl who developed coronary artery spasm and cardiac arrest during neodymiumyttrium aluminum garnet (Nd-YAG) laser photoresection of an endobronchial carcinoid. Recognition of this unusual presentation of a carcinoid crisis is important as the treatment approach differs from standard resuscitation protocols.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparative efficacy and safety of albuterol sulfate Spiros inhaler and albuterol metered-dose inhaler in asthma.
To compare the long-term efficacy and safety of albuterol administration using a Spiros Inhalation System (Dura Pharmaceuticals; San Diego, CA) dry powder inhaler (DPI) and albuterol (Ventolin; Glaxo Wellcome; Research Triangle Park, NC) administration using a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) in patients with asthma. ⋯ Both active treatments were superior to the placebo treatment. The Spiros DPI was well tolerated and was as effective as the albuterol MDI in treating patients with moderate asthma.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
A randomized and controlled trial of the effect of treatment aimed at maximizing oxygen delivery in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock.
To evaluate the effects of increased oxygen delivery on mortality and morbidity. ⋯ Treatment aimed at maximizing oxygen delivery in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock does not reduce mortality or morbidity.
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Review
Asbestosis: a marker for the increased risk of lung cancer among workers exposed to asbestos.
This review examines the hypothesis that excess lung cancer risk in worker cohorts exposed to asbestos occurs only among those with asbestosis. The adequately designed studies in the literature support this hypothesis. ⋯ In addition, there is a high correlation between asbestosis rates and lung cancer rates in 38 cohorts in contrast to a poor correlation between cumulative exposure data and lung cancer relative risks in eight cohorts with adequate data. The evidence indicates that asbestosis is a much better predictor of excess lung cancer risk than measures of exposure and serves as a marker for attributable cases.