Chest
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Comparative Study
Transcriptional profiling of endobronchial ultrasound guided lymph node samples aids diagnosis of mediastinal lymphadenopathy.
Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)-guided biopsy is the mainstay for investigation of mediastinal lymphadenopathy for laboratory diagnosis of malignancy, sarcoidosis, or TB. However, improved methods for discriminating between TB and sarcoidosis and excluding malignancy are still needed. We sought to evaluate the role of genomewide transcriptional profiling to aid diagnostic processes in this setting. ⋯ Machine learning analysis of transcriptional profiling in mediastinal lymphadenopathy may significantly improve the clinical utility of EBUS-guided biopsies.
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Review Meta Analysis
Short Term Exposure to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Increases Hospitalizations and Mortality of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Many epidemiologic studies have documented variable relationships between ambient particulate matter (PM) and COPD hospitalizations and mortality in cities worldwide. ⋯ Our combined analysis indicated that short-term exposure to a 10-μg/m(3) increment of ambient PM2.5 is associated with increased COPD hospitalizations and mortality. Further study is needed to elucidate to what extent this relationship is causal, together with other factors, and to elucidate the mechanism by which PM2.5 induces activation of cellular processes promoting COPD exacerbations.
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Multicenter Study
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Gender-Age-Physiology Index Stage for Predicting Future Lung Function Decline.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive lung disease with variable course. The Gender-Age-Physiology (GAP) Index and staging system uses clinical variables to stage mortality risk. It is unknown whether clinical staging predicts future decline in pulmonary function. We assessed whether the GAP stage predicts future pulmonary function decline and whether interval pulmonary function change predicts mortality after accounting for stage. ⋯ Baseline GAP stage predicted death or lung transplantation but not the rate of future pulmonary function decline. After accounting for GAP stage, a decline of ≥ 10% over 6 months independently predicted death or lung transplantation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Predictors of All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Severe COPD and Major Depression Admitted to a Rehabilitation Hospital.
COPD is a major cause of all-cause mortality. We examined predictors of 1-year mortality in patients with severe COPD and major depression after inpatient treatment in a rehabilitation hospital. ⋯ Recent falls and dyspnea during activities identify subgroups of depressed patients with COPD at increased risk for all-cause mortality. These subgroups are in need of clinical attention and follow-up and can serve as targets for prevention research aiming to inform clinical strategies and public health planning.