Chest
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Review Meta Analysis
Meta-Analysis of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.
The relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is controversial. Current guidelines recommend that clinicians use regular antacid treatment, while two recent meta-analyses of antacid therapy in IPF were inconclusive. The objective of this study was to examine the evidence regarding the association between GERD and IPF through a systematic review and a meta-analysis, with special reference to the methodologic quality of the observational studies. ⋯ GERD and IPF may be related, but this association is most likely confounded, especially by smoking. Our confidence in the estimate of association is low because it is exclusively from case-control studies.
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Multicenter Study
Sleep Timing, Stability and Blood Pressure in the Sueño Ancillary Study of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).
Timing and stability of the sleep-wake cycle are potential modifiable risk factors for cardiometabolic disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between objective measures of sleep-wake timing and stability with cardiometabolic disease risk. ⋯ These results suggest that beyond sleep duration, the timing and regularity of sleep-wake schedules are related to hypertension prevalence and BP.
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Venous Thromboembolism Risk Profiles and Prophylaxis in Medical and Surgical Inpatients: The Identification of Chinese Hospitalized Patients' Risk Profile for Venous Thromboembolism (DissolVE-2) - a cross-sectional study.
Limited data exist on VTE risk and prophylaxis in Chinese inpatients. The Identification of Chinese Hospitalized Patients' Risk Profile for Venous Thromboembolism-2 (DissolVE-2), a nationwide, multicenter, cross-sectional study, was therefore designed to investigate prevalence of VTE risks and evaluate VTE prophylaxis implementation compliant with the latest prophylaxis guidelines (American College of Chest Physicians [CHEST], 9th edition). ⋯ A large proportion of hospitalized patients reported VTE risk and low rate of CHEST-recommended prophylaxis. The data highlight the insufficient management of VTE risk and show the great potential for improving physicians' awareness and current practices across China.
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Multicenter Study
Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccination on Hospitalizations and Risk Factors for Severe Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients With COPD.
The effectiveness of influenza vaccination in reducing influenza-related hospitalizations among patients with COPD is not well described, and influenza vaccination uptake remains suboptimal. ⋯ Influenza vaccination significantly reduced influenza-related hospitalization among patients with COPD. Initiatives to increase vaccination uptake and early use of antiviral agents among patients with COPD could reduce influenza-related hospitalization and critical illness and improve health-care costs in this vulnerable population.
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Screening with low-dose CT scan has been shown to reduce mortality from lung cancer in those at risk based on age and smoking history. While lung cancer screening (LCS) is recommended by the United States Preventative Services Task Force and many professional societies, it has been recognized that the decision to be screened is complex due to a close balance of risk and benefit; therefore, shared decision-making is considered an essential component of effective LCS. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services provides coverage for LCS following a mandated shared-decision making (SDM) visit. Here we review the concept of SDM, facilitators and barriers, evidence and knowledge gaps, and novel considerations for SDM within LCS.