Chest
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Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is independently associated with insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, data on whether SDB alters the metabolism of free fatty acids (FFAs) are lacking. ⋯ Independent of adiposity, SDB is associated with impairments in FFA metabolism, which may contribute to the development of glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes in SDB.
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Utilization of Lung Cancer Screening in the Medicare Fee-for-Service Population.
A number of organizations, including the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), recommend lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose CT (LDCT) imaging for high-risk current and former smokers. In 2015, Medicare issued a decision to cover LCS as a preventive health benefit; however, utilization by the Medicare population has not been thoroughly examined. ⋯ The early adoption of LCS among Medicare beneficiaries was low. Our results suggest geographic and racial disparities in screening use, with populations in the South and those of nonwhite race/ethnicity being screened with lower frequency. Further work is needed to improve LCS uptake and ensure consistent use by all at-risk populations.
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Variation in Patient Smoking Cessation Rates among Health Care Providers: An Observational Study.
Physicians play a crucial role in providing smoking cessation counseling and medications. However, it is unknown whether individual physicians' approaches affect whether patients quit. ⋯ Smoking cessation rates varied substantially at the practitioner, practice site, and health system levels. It is likely that individual physician approaches to smoking cessation influence patients' likelihood of quitting.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Impact of a multimodal telemonitoring intervention on CPAP adherence in symptomatic low-cardiovascular risk sleep apnea: a randomized controlled trial.
One of the major challenges in treating OSA is to achieve adequate CPAP adherence. Telemonitoring has the potential to provide individualized management and early recognition of problems during treatment. ⋯ In patients with severe OSA and low cardiovascular risk, multimodal telemonitoring did not increase CPAP adherence. For both the telemonitoring and UC groups, similar improvements in daytime symptoms were achieved.
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Meta Analysis
Chest CT imaging signature of COVID-19 infection: in pursuit of the scientific evidence.
Chest CT may be used for the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but clear scientific evidence is lacking. Therefore, we systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed the chest CT imaging signature of COVID-19. ⋯ Studies on chest CT imaging findings in COVID-19 suffer from methodologic quality concerns. More high-quality research is necessary to establish diagnostic CT criteria for COVID-19. Based on the available evidence that requires cautious interpretation, several chest CT imaging findings appear to be suggestive of COVID-19, but normal chest CT imaging findings do not exclude COVID-19, not even in symptomatic patients.