Chest
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The effect of different probes and operator experience on the reliability of lung ultrasound (LU) interpretation has not been investigated. We studied the effect of probes and operator experience on the interpretation reliability of LU in critically ill neonates. ⋯ LU interpretation in neonates shows good interrater agreement and reliability, irrespective of the probe and rater expertise. The use of nonlinear probes by novice operators is associated with the lowest agreement and reliability.
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To date, nothing is known about the evolution of survival in systemic sclerosis-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) over the last decade. ⋯ Over the period 2006 to 2017, survival in systemic sclerosis-associated PAH improved over time in patients aged ≤ 70 years but not in older patients. Further investigations are needed to confirm this relation, as general improvement in medical care and management may also be a possible explanation.
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Neighborhood circumstances have an influence on multiple health outcomes, but the association between neighborhood conditions and lung cancer incidence has not been studied in sufficient detail. The goal of this study was to understand whether neighborhood conditions are independently associated with lung cancer incidence in ever-smokers after adjusting for individual smoking exposure and other risk factors. ⋯ Census-derived estimates of neighborhood conditions have a powerful association with lung cancer incidence, even when adjusting for individual variables. Further research investigating the mechanisms that link neighborhood conditions to lung cancer is warranted.
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Pulmonary venoocclusive disease (PVOD) is a rare form of pulmonary vascular disease with pulmonary hypertension characterized by preferential involvement of the pulmonary venous system. Hepatic venoocclusive disease (HVOD), also known as sinusoidal obstruction syndrome, is a condition that occurs in 13% to 15% of patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). ⋯ Despite their differences, PVOD and HVOD share common risk factors and associated conditions, suggesting that in the context of HSCT, the two diseases share common pathophysiological mechanisms. Optimal treatment for HSCT-related PVOD remains to be determined.