The journal of trauma and acute care surgery
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J Trauma Acute Care Surg · May 2018
Systematic review of prehospital tourniquet use in civilian limb trauma.
Military enthusiasm for limb tourniquet use in combat casualty care has resulted in acceptance by the trauma community for use in the prehospital care of civilian limb injuries. To date, there has been no report synthesizing the published data on civilian tourniquet use. The objective of this systematic review was to compile and analyze the content and quality of published data on the civilian use of tourniquets in limb trauma. ⋯ Systematic review, level IV.
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J Trauma Acute Care Surg · May 2018
Early low-anticoagulant desulfated heparin after traumatic brain injury: Reduced brain edema and leukocyte mobilization is associated with improved watermaze learning ability weeks after injury.
Unfractionated heparin administered immediately after traumatic brain injury (TBI) reduces brain leukocyte (LEU) accumulation, and enhances early cognitive recovery, but may increase bleeding after injury. It is unknown how non-anticoagulant heparins, such as 2,3-O desulfated heparin (ODSH), impact post-TBI cerebral inflammation and long-term recovery. We hypothesized that ODSH after TBI reduces LEU-mediated brain inflammation and improves long-term neurologic recovery. ⋯ 2,3-O desulfated heparin after TBI reduces cerebral LEU recruitment, microvascular permeability and edema. 2,3-O desulfated heparin may also improve acute neurologic recovery leading to improved learning/memory ability weeks after injury.
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J Trauma Acute Care Surg · May 2018
Human adipose-derived stem cell treatment modulates cellular protection in both in vitro and in vivo traumatic brain injury models.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in the civilian population. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect(s) of adipose-derived stem cell (ASC) treatment on cellular and functional recovery in TBI via both in vitro and in vivo methods. ⋯ Adipose-derived stem cell treatment results in improved cell survival, decreased inflammatory marker release, and decreased evidence of neural injury. No difference in functional recovery was seen. These data suggest the potential for ASC treatment to aid in cellular protection and recovery in neural cells following TBI.