Postgraduate medical journal
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Artificial intelligence (AI) is an exciting field combining computer science with robust data sets to facilitate problem-solving. It has the potential to transform education, practice and delivery of healthcare especially in orthopaedics. This review article outlines some of the already used AI pathways as well as recent technological advances in orthopaedics. Additionally, this article further explains how potentially these two entities could be combined in the future to improve surgical education, training and ultimately patient care and outcomes.
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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) problems cause an enormous challenge to our world in medicine and in agriculture and many other fields. The current situation makes bacteriophage therapy an attractive therapeutic candidate. ⋯ The compiled studies support the feasibility of treating AMR with bacteriophage. However, the efficacy of specific bacteriophage strains and the accurate dosage have to be further studied and tested rigorously.
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We aim to identify patterns of disease clusters among inpatients of a general hospital and to describe the characteristics and evolution of each group. ⋯ We identify for the first time in a hospital environment five clusters of disease combinations among the inpatients. These clusters contain several high-incidence diseases related to both age and gender that express their own evolution and clinical characteristics over time.
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Workplace-based assessments (WPBAs) have become embedded in the training and assessment of UK medical trainees since the onset of the 21st century. When first introduced WPBA required a significant adjustment in both trainees' and educators' training behaviour, and was met with scepticism in some quarters. In this study, we aimed to evaluate how trainees' perceptions of WPBAs have evolved over a 10-year period, as experience with them has increased. ⋯ Our study suggests trainees' perspectives of WPBAs have not changed in the 10 years since implementation. Trainees do not perceive WPBA as an accurate reflection of their competency but instead as a 'tick-box' bureaucratic exercise to enable career progression. Development of educator training and trainer and trainee job-planning is required to ensure that WPBAs are genuinely educational activities that offer an accurate reflection of trainees' medical competence.
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Meta Analysis
Efficacy of dietary supplements on improving sleep quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Different dietary supplements aimed at improving sleep quality are available on the market, but there has not been a comprehensive review to evaluate the efficacy of these dietary supplements on subjective sleep quality. We aimed to summarise up-to-date research evidence and to identify the types of dietary supplement that improve subjective sleep quality. ⋯ Amino acids, vitamin D and melatonin supplements were significantly beneficial to improve sleep quality. However, high heterogeneity and wide confidence levels were observed in vitamin D and melatonin. Further research on the effect of magnesium, zinc, resveratrol and nitrate supplementation on improving sleep quality is required.