Postgraduate medical journal
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In recent years, triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, as a popular metabolic index, has been proposed as an alternative index of insulin resistance, and it has been proved to be associated with many cardiovascular diseases, but the relationship between it and aortic valve calcification is still unknown. ⋯ TyG index was significantly associated with the presence and severity of AVC, suggesting that TyG index may be a valid predictor of AVC.
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Traditional assessments often lack flexibility, personalized feedback, real-world applicability, and the ability to measure skills beyond rote memorization. These may not adequately accommodate diverse learning styles and preferences, nor do they always foster critical thinking or creativity. The inclusion of Artificial Intelligence (AI), especially Generative Pre-trained Transformers, in medical education marks a significant shift, offering both exciting opportunities and notable challenges for authentic assessment practices. Various fields, including anatomy, physiology, pharmacy, dentistry, and pathology, are anticipated to employ the metaverse for authentic assessments increasingly. This innovative approach will likely enable students to engage in immersive, project-based learning experiences, facilitating interdisciplinary collaboration and providing a platform for real-world application of knowledge and skills. ⋯ Through navigating emerging assessment paradigms and promoting genuine evaluation of medical knowledge and proficiency, this collaborative effort aims to elevate the quality of medical education and better prepare learners for the complexities of clinical practice.
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Increased risk for adverse birth outcomes, long work hours, limited control over one's own schedule, and concern for making up time may color resident perceptions of their pregnancy during residency. We aimed to survey residents across four different specialties about their personal experiences with pregnancy during training. ⋯ We identified differences across specialties in policy and perceptions of pregnancy during training that impact residency quality of life. It is important to address disparities across specialties and ensure resident wellness. What is already known on this topic: Pregnancy during residency training is common. Previous literature suggests physicians experience higher rates of adverse pregnancy outcomes compared with the general population. Parental leave policies for residents are limited and/or unpublished. Further, little is known about how residents feel about informing their program and co-residents of their pregnancy and how they navigate antepartum and postpartum appointments and leave. What this study adds: We conducted an anonymous, nation-wide survey of residents training in 4 major medical specialties. We examine resident perceptions of informing their program leadership and co-residents of their pregnancy or their partner's pregnancy. We also measure birth outcomes, if there was a clear parental leave policy in place, and the length of parental leave taken by residents. How this study might affect research, practice, or policy: Our findings suggest that parental leave policies need attention and clarity across medical specialties. Further, the perceived or real culture surrounding the normative occurrence of pregnancy during residency could also be improved. Despite these concerns, residents encourage others to use the time during residency to grow their families. Our findings will encourage residency programs to make improvements towards a supportive, transparent, and equitable parental leave policy and parenting culture. Research question bullet points: 1) How do residents feel when informing their program leadership and their resident peers that they are pregnant during residency training? 2) How do residents across specialties differ in their approach to parental leave? 3) Are pregnant residents given clear parental leave policies across specialties?
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Gender inequality in medical research persists globally, hindering scientific innovation and social equity. Despite incremental progress, women remain underrepresented in authorship, funding, and leadership roles. This review explores the extent of gender disparities, their impact, and strategies to advance equity in the field. ⋯ Addressing gender inequality in medical research demands comprehensive reforms in academic evaluation, funding systems, and institutional policies, alongside sustained efforts to challenge societal biases.