Postgraduate medical journal
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This study aims to explore the relationship between basal metabolic rate (BMR) and cognitive impairment and assess the potential of BMR as a protective factor against cognitive decline. ⋯ This study supports the role of BMR as a potential protective factor against Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's dementia, suggesting that BMR may play an important role in preventing cognitive decline. However, due to the limitations of cross-sectional studies, further prospective studies and broader demographic samples are necessary to verify these results and explore underlying biological mechanisms. Key messages What is already known on this topic: Existing knowledge suggests a close relationship between BMR and health and cognitive functions, but detailed studies on its connection with specific cognitive impairments are still needed. What this study adds: This study found a significant positive correlation between higher BMR and cognitive improvement, potentially aiding in the prevention of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's dementia. How this study might affect research, practice, or policy: This finding guides public health strategies and personalized medicine, emphasizing the necessity for further research to validate BMR's protective effects.
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Our aim is to explore the relation between benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) from a genetic level utilizing Mendelian randomization (MR). ⋯ The study presents proof of a significant bidirectional causal relationship between genetically predicted BPH and an increased risk of PCa. Key message Three research questions and three bullet points What is already known on this topic? Observational studies suggest a controversial relationship between BPH and PCa. MR allows investigation of causality using genetic variants as instrumental variables (IVs). What does this study add? The study presents proof of a significant bidirectional causal relationship between genetically predicted BPH and an increased risk of PCa. How this study might affect research, practice, or policy? Recognizing the bidirectional relationship between BPH and PCa, men diagnosed with BPH may benefit from more stringent PCa screening protocols.
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Skin diseases in remote African regions are often exacerbated due to a lack of resources and expertise with little current research addressing the challenges that patients and healthcare systems experience. Although skin diseases in remote African regions are prevalent and pose a substantial health burden, they remain neglected and understudied. This review aims to explore current challenges in the diagnosis and management of skin diseases in African regions and focus on the need for enhanced understanding and improved healthcare strategies. ⋯ Early diagnosis and management of skin diseases in remote African regions have significant challenges, including a lack of funding for dermatology, education, and research. Future promising strategies such as teledermatology, point-of-care diagnostic technologies, and task shifting show promise in improving access to care. However, there is a need for sustained efforts to address the underlying socioeconomic factors and improve healthcare delivery in remote African regions.
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Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant tumor of the nervous system, which is difficult to treat due to its strong invasiveness, rapid progression, and poor prognosis. To understand the complex biological behavior of glioblasts and the interaction between tumors and hosts, a new in vitro platform based on human cells is required, which can summarize the complex cellular structure and cell diversity of the human brain, as well as the biological behavior of GBM. Organoids are 3D self-organizing tissues, partially similar to source tissues, which can simulate the structure and physiological functions of organs or tissues in vitro. In this review, we underline the widespread application of different types of GBOs models in GBM pathogenesis, including cells derived, tumor tissues derived, and other co-culture models, as well as their application and shortcomings in the treatment of GBM.