Postgraduate medical journal
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Thyroid cancer primarily affects young women and raises concerns about future fertility due to treatments of thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy. This study investigated the effects of these treatments on pregnancy probability in young female patients post-diagnosis. ⋯ Thyroidectomy and RAI therapy do not diminish pregnancy probability in young women with thyroid cancer. Age remains a crucial factor, with younger women more likely to conceive. These findings are critical for fertility counseling and treatment planning. Key message What is already known on this subjec? Thyroid cancer primarily affects young women, and its standard treatments, including thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy, have raised concerns about their potential impact on fertility. Previous studies have shown that RAI treatment may temporarily affect ovarian function but typically does not have a significant long-term effect on fertility. What this study adds? This nationwide population-based study found that neither total nor partial thyroidectomy, nor RAI treatment, adversely affects the likelihood of pregnancy in young women with thyroid cancer. Age was identified as the most significant factor influencing pregnancy, with younger women having a higher probability of becoming pregnant after treatment. How this study might affect research, practice, or policy? Clinicians should recognize that age, rather than the type of thyroidectomy or RAI treatment, is the most critical factor influencing fertility in young women with thyroid cancer. This insight can guide personalized fertility counseling and treatment planning to optimize outcomes.
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Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT), encompassing Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), is a prevalent chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by lymphocytic infiltration and the presence of anti-thyroid antibodies. It is the primary cause of primary hypothyroidism and affects women more frequently than men. Nearly 95% of individuals with HT exhibit thyroid peroxidase antibodies or thyroglobulin antibodies. Dietary factors, including vitamins and trace elements such as zinc, play a significant role in thyroid health; yet, clinical guidelines lack explicit dietary recommendations for AIT. ⋯ The findings indicate that higher dietary Zinc is positively correlated with the risk of AIT and serves as an independent risk factor. Excessive Zinc may disrupt immune balance, potentially increasing the risk of autoimmune diseases. These results suggest that dietary Zinc should be carefully considered in the management of AIT, and further research is needed to explore the causal relationship and determine safe zinc consumption levels to avoid increasing the risk of autoimmune diseases.
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Smartphone overuse is associated with both psychological and physical health problems, including depression and musculoskeletal disorders. However, the association between smartphone overuse and neck pain remains unclear. We performed a meta-analysis to examine the relation between smartphone overuse and neck pain, and to identify high-risk usage patterns. ⋯ These results indicate a significant association between smartphone overuse and increased risk of neck pain. Our findings underscore the necessity of addressing smartphone overuse as a health concern, especially considering its growing prevalence in modern society.
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The objective was to investigate the role of double extraction in reducing data errors in evidence synthesis for pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions. ⋯ Although double extraction reduced data errors, the error rate remained high after the process. Evidence synthesis research may consider triple data extraction to further minimize potential data errors.