Postgraduate medical journal
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The angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) has been recommended as a first-line treatment in patients with heart failure (HF). However, the effects of ARNI on renal function remain controversial. The PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library of Trials and Web of Science were searched in the period from inception to 31 January 2021. ⋯ ARNI did not lead to a significant decrease in eGFR in HFrEF. Compared with control group, ARNI could delay the progression of decrease in eGFR and result in less events of hyperkalaemia in patients with HF. Besides, patients with HFpEF had a lower rate in the events of WRF.
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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been caused the greatest pandemic of our century. Many of the deaths related to it are due to a systemic inflammatory response, which has been called 'cytokine storm'. ⋯ Understanding of action mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 enables us to direct efforts on effective therapeutic targets. This comprehensive review helps to interpret the clinical results of the several trials ongoing.
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To identify pandemic and disaster medicine-themed training programmes aimed at medical students and to assess whether these interventions had an effect on objective measures of disaster preparedness and clinical outcomes. To suggest a training approach that can be used to train medical students for the current COVID-19 pandemic. ⋯ The search strategy was not registered on PROSPERO-the international prospective register of systematic reviews-to prevent unnecessary delay.
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The purpose of this study was to (1) characterise the procedure of phlebotomy, deconstruct it into its constituent parts and develop a performance metric for the purpose of training healthcare professionals in a large teaching hospital and to (2) evaluate the construct validity of the phlebotomy metric and establish a proficiency benchmark. ⋯ The metrics demonstrated construct validity and the proficiency benchmark was established with a minimum observation of 69 steps, with no critical errors and no more than 13 errors in total.