Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation
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Despite recent advances in the treatment of patients after subarachnoid hemorrhage, morbidity and mortality rates have failed to improve significantly. Although this was often blamed on vasospasm, is it time to consider alternative etiologies? Summary of Review- Early brain injury (EBI) is a recently described term that describes the immediate injury to the brain after subarachnoid hemorrhage. A number of pathways have been recognized as having a role in the etiology of EBI. This review provides a brief synopsis of EBI and its implications for the future. ⋯ EBI may be responsible for the detrimental effects seen in patients after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Additional studies are needed to determine the pathophysiology of EBI and to explore potential therapeutic options.
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Review
Deferoxamine mesylate: a new hope for intracerebral hemorrhage: from bench to clinical trials.
Iron resulting from hemoglobin degradation is linked to delayed neuronal injury after intracerebral hemorrhage. Extensive preclinical investigations indicate that the iron chelator, deferoxamine mesylate, is effective in limiting hemoglobin- and iron-mediated neurotoxicity. However, clinical studies evaluating the use of deferoxamine in intracerebral hemorrhage are shortcoming. This article reviews the potential role of deferoxamine as a promising neuroprotective agent to target the secondary effects of intracerebral hemorrhage to limit brain injury and improve outcome, and ongoing efforts to translate the preclinical findings into clinical investigations.