JAMA ophthalmology
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A validated questionnaire that assesses symptoms and the effect of dry eye disease (DED) on the patient's daily life is needed to evaluate the condition. ⋯ The DEQS questionnaire is valid and reliable for evaluating the multifaceted effect of DED on the patient's daily life, including mental health, and it can be used easily in routine clinical practice.
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The French Impressionist painter Edgar Degas had progressive visual loss from a type of maculopathy during the last 40 years of his life. The effects of this visual failure are evident in a comparison of early and later pastels, which shows a loss of precision in outlining, shading, and detail over the years. ⋯ Computer simulations show Degas' own view of this painting at each of these times and demonstrate how his style changed: details became rougher and larger in correspondence with his failing acuity. The painting is an eye chart of his career.