European journal of clinical pharmacology
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Jan 1985
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA comparison of the effects of atenolol and metoprolol on attention.
Additional side-effects of two beta-blockers, atenolol (hydrophilic) and metoprolol (lipophilic), were measured in 18 normal male volunteers in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study. A saccadic eye movement reaction time (RT) task, a manual RT version of the Stroop Colour-Word Task, the Span of Apprehension Task, and the Continuous Performance Task were presented on a graphics display screen. Standard cognitive effects were replicated on all measures. Atenolol was noticeably, but not significantly, superior to metoprolol in visual alerting and in angular breadth of visual information processing, both with saccadic RT.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Jan 1985
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialAntihypertensive effects of urapidil and clonidine: a double-blind cross-over study.
The antihypertensive effects of urapidil and clonidine have been studied in a double-blind cross-over trial in 11 hypertensive outpatients with mild to moderate hypertension, at rest and during isometric exercise. Urapidil 30 mg b.i.d. significantly decreased the standing diastolic blood pressure (p less than 0.05) and the systolic blood pressure at the end of isometric exercise (p less than 0.05). ⋯ Urapidil caused fewer side-effects than clonidine. Overall, in the doses used urapidil had a weaker antihypertensive effect and caused fewer side-effects than clonidine.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Jan 1985
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialMultiple doses of paracetamol plus codeine taken immediately after oral surgery.
A double-blind randomized analgesic trial was carried out in 180 patients undergoing surgical removal of an impacted lower wisdom tooth. The patients received the first dose of either paracetamol 1000 mg plus codeine 60 mg, paracetamol 500 mg plus codeine 30 mg or placebo immediately after surgery during the effect of the local anaesthetic. The mean pain intensity, the duration of effect and the number of patients needing additional analgesics were all significantly dose related. ⋯ In addition, the analgesic efficacy was calculated over a 12 hour period after first medication and thereby including the efficacy of a second dose, if taken. Paracetamol 1000 mg plus codeine 60 mg followed by paracetamol 500 mg plus codeine 30 mg after around 5 hours was a very effective treatment and over 40% of these patients did not need any further pain relief during the evaluation period. In conclusion, an effective analgesic taken immediately after oral surgery reduces the total pain and diminishes the need of analgesics.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Jan 1985
Prospective study of the potentiation of acenocoumarol by amiodarone.
The influence of oral amiodarone on the anticoagulant effect of the coumarin derivative acenocoumarol has been investigated prospectively in 10 patients with normal renal, hepatic and haematological function and who were not in cardiac failure. The daily dose of acenocoumarol was sufficient to produce a prothrombin activity of 25 to 35%. When the prothrombin time had become stable amiodarone 600 mg/d was administered for 1 week followed by 400 mg/d for the next 3 weeks. ⋯ In 6 patients a prothrombin activity less than 20% required a 60% reduction in the dose of acenocoumarol after 1 week of amiodarone 600 mg, and a 33% reduction after 3 weeks of amiodarone 400 mg. There was no correlation between the plasma amiodarone and the decrease in prothrombin activity. Inhibition of acenocoumarol metabolism by amiodarone is the most likely explanation of these findings.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Jan 1984
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of a traditional paracetamol medication and a new paracetamol/paracetamol-methionine ester combination.
The SUR 2647 combination is a sachet formulation containing free paracetamol and its N-acetyl-methionate ester (SUR 2647). In a randomized, single-blind, between-patient study the onset of analgesia, duration and efficacy of the SUR 2647 combination vs paracetamol was investigated in out-patients after oral surgery. One group (n = 27) received sachets of SUR 2647 combination 2 b.i.d. (equivalent to 2 g paracetamol X 2) on the day of operation, and one sachet b.i.d. (equivalent to 1 g paracetamol X 2) for the following two days. ⋯ Mean pain scores showed that the SUR 2647 combination regime reduced pain significantly more than the paracetamol regime from 0.5 to 3.0 h after initiation of medication. The mean pain scores did not show a significant difference during the remaining observation period. Mild to moderate drowsiness was reported in both treatment groups, but it was more common in subjects given SUR 2647 combination.