The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · May 2000
Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialGlucocorticoid resistance in asthma is associated with elevated in vivo expression of the glucocorticoid receptor beta-isoform.
Glucocorticoid-resistant bronchial asthma is characterized by failure of corticosteroids to suppress key asthma-relevant, cell-mediated inflammatory responses in the airways. ⋯ Because glucocorticoid receptor beta inhibits alpha-glucocorticoid receptor-mediated transactivation of target genes, the increased expression of glucocorticoid receptor beta in inflammatory cells might be a critical mechanism for conferring glucocorticoid resistance.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · May 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialOutdated EpiPen and EpiPen Jr autoinjectors: past their prime?
EpiPen and EpiPen Jr autoinjectors are often recommended for prehospital treatment of anaphylaxis. When these units become outdated, there may be a delay in replacing them. ⋯ For prehospital treatment of anaphylaxis, we recommend the use of EpiPen and EpiPen Jr autoinjectors that are not outdated. If, however, the only autoinjector available is an outdated one, it could be used as long as no discoloration or precipitates are apparent because the potential benefit of using it is greater than the potential risk of a suboptimal epinephrine dose or of no epinephrine treatment at all.