The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · May 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyObesity and adiposity indicators, asthma, and atopy in Puerto Rican children.
Whether adiposity indicators other than body mass index (BMI) should be used in studies of childhood asthma is largely unknown. The role of atopy in "obese asthma" is also unclear. ⋯ Adiposity indicators are associated with asthma, asthma severity/control, and atopy in Puerto Rican children. Atopy significantly mediates the effect of adiposity on asthma outcomes. Longitudinal studies are needed to further investigate the causal role, if any, of adiposity distribution and atopy on "obese asthma" in childhood.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · May 2014
Multicenter Study Clinical TrialUnsupervised phenotyping of Severe Asthma Research Program participants using expanded lung data.
Previous studies have identified asthma phenotypes based on small numbers of clinical, physiologic, or inflammatory characteristics. However, no studies have used a wide range of variables using machine learning approaches. ⋯ The unsupervised machine learning approaches used here provide unique insights into disease, confirming other approaches while revealing novel additional phenotypes.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · May 2014
Multicenter Study Clinical TrialDetection of pathogenic bacteria during rhinovirus infection is associated with increased respiratory symptoms and asthma exacerbations.
Detection of either viral or bacterial pathogens is associated with wheezing in children; however, the influence of both bacteria and viruses on illness symptoms has not been described. ⋯ Rhinovirus infection enhances detection of specific bacterial pathogens in children with and without asthma. Furthermore, these findings suggest that M catarrhalis and S pneumoniae contribute to the severity of respiratory tract illnesses, including asthma exacerbations.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · May 2014
ReviewThe diagnosis and management of acute and chronic urticaria: 2014 update.
These parameters were developed by the Joint Task Force on Practice Parameters (JTFPP), representing the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI); the American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (ACAAI); and the Joint Council of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. The AAAAI and ACAAI have jointly accepted responsibility for establishing "The diagnosis and management of acute and chronic urticaria: 2014 update." This is a complete and comprehensive document at the current time. The medical environment is a changing environment, and not all recommendations will be appropriate for all patients. ⋯ In addition, before confirming the selection of a Work Group chairperson, the Joint Task Force will discuss and resolve all relevant potential conflicts of interest associated with this selection. Finally, all members of parameter workgroups will be provided a written statement regarding the importance of ensuring that the parameter development process is free of commercial bias. Practice parameters are available online at www.jcaai.org and www.allergyparameters.org.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · May 2014
Capsaicin treatment reduces nasal hyperreactivity and transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V, receptor 1 (TRPV1) overexpression in patients with idiopathic rhinitis.
Idiopathic rhinitis (IR) is a prevalent condition for which capsaicin nasal spray is the most effective treatment. However, the mechanisms underlying IR and the therapeutic action of capsaicin remain unknown. ⋯ IR features an overexpression of TRPV1 in the nasal mucosa and increased SP levels in nasal secretions. Capsaicin exerts its therapeutic action by ablating the TRPV1-SP nociceptive signaling pathway in the nasal mucosa.