The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · Feb 1997
Nasal obstruction as a risk factor for sleep-disordered breathing. The University of Wisconsin Sleep and Respiratory Research Group.
Nasal obstruction frequently has been associated with sleep-disordered breathing as a potential etiologic factor. Nasal obstruction results in pathologic changes in airflow velocity and resistance. Experimentally produced nasal obstruction increases resistance and leads to sleep-disordered breathing events, including apnea, hypopnea, and snoring. ⋯ Participants who reported nasal congestion due to allergy were 1.8 times more likely to have moderate to severe sleep-disordered breathing than were those without nasal congestion due to allergy. Men and women with nasal obstruction, especially chronic nighttime symptoms of rhinitis, are significantly more likely to be habitual snorers, and a proportion also may have frequent episodes of apnea and hypopnea, indicative of severe sleep-disordered breathing. Because allergic rhinitis is a common cause of nasal obstruction and it is a modifiable risk factor, further study of this association is warranted.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · Dec 1996
Comparative StudyEffects of glucocorticoids on lymphocyte activation in patients with steroid-sensitive and steroid-resistant asthma.
Glucocorticoids are important medications used to control the airway inflammation associated with asthma. Synthetic glucocorticoids vary in their binding affinity for the glucocorticoid receptor (GCR). ⋯ These data suggest that glucocorticoids such as budesonide, by virtue of their high GCR binding affinities and greater ability to suppress lymphocyte proliferation, may therefore be beneficial in the management of difficult-to-control asthma.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · Nov 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialAcute and chronic effects of a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor in asthma: a 6-month randomized multicenter trial. Zileuton Study Group.
Leukotrienes produced by the 5-lipoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism may mediate bronchoconstriction and inflammatory changes important in the pathophysiology of asthma. Leukotriene inhibition may be effective in asthma management. ⋯ Zileuton produces objective and subjective improvements in patients with mild to moderate asthma and is well tolerated.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · Nov 1996
Comparative Study Clinical TrialNatural rubber latex skin testing reagents: safety and diagnostic accuracy of nonammoniated latex, ammoniated latex, and latex rubber glove extracts.
Nonammoniated latex, ammoniated latex, and rubber glove extracts are the only sources of natural rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) latex that have potential for use as skin testing reagents in the diagnosis of latex allergy. Their diagnostic sensitivity and specificity as skin test reagents are unknown. ⋯ Equivalent diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were observed with the nonammoniated latex, ammoniated latex, and rubber glove extract skin test reagents after normalization for total protein; nonammoniated latex may be considered the reagent of choice on the basis of practical quality control and reproducibility considerations.