Anesthesiology
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A prospective cohort study of 489 pediatric patients was performed to investigate the prevalence of perioperative respiratory complications and symptomatology in children presenting for myringotomy with upper respiratory tract infections (URIs). All children undergoing myringotomy received halothane N2O/O2 anesthesia administered via face mask. Information on complications and respiratory symptoms was obtained from the anesthesia and recovery room records, and by standardized questionnaire. ⋯ In addition, the prevalence and duration of respiratory symptoms was significantly less in children having received anesthesia and surgery than in a matched group of non-anesthetized controls who did not have surgery. Results from this study suggest that there is no increased morbidity for children presenting at minor surgery with acute uncomplicated URIs and who did not require tracheal intubation. In addition, the administration of general anesthesia and surgery to this group of patients was followed by a decrease in both the appearance and duration of a number of respiratory symptoms.
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Letter Case Reports
The effect of autotransfusion on catecholamine levels during pheochromocytoma.
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Letter Comparative Study
Caudal and ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve blocks in children.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Addition of nitrous oxide to fentanyl anesthesia does not induce myocardial ischemia in patients with ischemic heart disease.
Although nitrous oxide is commonly administered to patients with ischemic heart disease, recent reports suggest that it may induce myocardial ischemia in these patients. The authors compared the effects of nitrous oxide on segmental left ventricular (LV) function and the ST segment of the electrocardiogram with the effects of an equal concentration of nitrogen (crossover design) before the start of surgery in 18 patients who required coronary-artery bypass grafting. The patients studied did not have valvular or LV dysfunction. ⋯ Surgery did not begin until the study was concluded. No patient experienced an ST segment change greater than 1 mm during the study, and none developed a new segmental wall motion abnormality during inhalation of either nitrous oxide or nitrogen. The authors conclude that nitrous oxide does not induce myocardial ischemia when used as an adjunct to fentanyl anesthesia in patients who have severe coronary-artery disease accompanied by well-preserved valvular and LV function.