Anesthesiology
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Comparative Study
Effects of pentobarbital and isoflurane on regional cerebral oxygen extraction and consumption with middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats.
When compared with barbiturates, isoflurane may lack protective effects during focal cerebral ischemia. The reason for this difference is not clear. In this study, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), arterial and venous O2 saturation, and O2 extraction were compared in the ischemic cortex and in the nonischemic brain regions of rats anesthetized with isoflurane or pentobarbital using a microspectrophotometric technique that directly measures the O2 saturation of blood in the small arteries and veins. ⋯ Because the rCBF was less and the O2 extraction was similar, O2 consumption in the focal ischemic area of the brain during pentobarbital anesthesia must have been less than that during isoflurane anesthesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
The esophageal detector device. Does it work?
The esophageal detector device (EDD) is a diagnostic tool for confirmation of tracheal intubation. Capnography is the accepted standard for such confirmation. The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether results using the EDD and capnography agree. ⋯ The EDD is a valuable diagnostic technique for confirming tracheal intubation. Results using EDD agree with results using capnography; in 6% of instances there is a slow reinflation; and where there is no capnography, such as on hospital wards, EDD may be a useful diagnostic tool.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Prevention of intraoperative hypothermia by preoperative skin-surface warming.
Intraoperative hypothermia initially results from internal redistribution of heat facilitated by anesthesia-induced vasodilation. Preinduction skin-surface warming minimizes postinduction hypothermia in anesthetized volunteers. However, its efficacy might be reduced in surgical situations, because of multiple sources of heat loss. ⋯ Preanesthetic skin-surface warming reduces the initial postinduction hypothermia in surgical patients, preventing intraoperative hypothermia and postoperative shivering even for procedures lasting 3 h or longer.