Anesthesiology
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparative pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the new propofol prodrug GPI 15715 and propofol emulsion.
GPI 15715 is a new water-soluble prodrug that is hydrolyzed to release propofol. The objectives of this crossover study in volunteers were to investigate the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of GPI 15715 in comparison with propofol emulsion. ⋯ Compared with propofol emulsion, propofol from GPI 15715 showed different pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, particularly a higher potency with respect to concentration. These differences may indicate an influence of the formulation.
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A lung-protecting strategy is essential when ventilating acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome patients. Current emphasis is on limiting inspiratory pressure and volume. This study was designed to investigate the effect of peak inspiratory flow on lung injury. ⋯ When an injurious tidal volume is delivered, the deterioration in gas exchange and respiratory mechanics, and lung injury appear to be marked at a high peak inspiratory flow.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of varying large crystalloid infusion volumes, ranging from a volume that has been safely administered to volunteers to a volume that greatly exceeds a practical volume for studies in normovolemic humans, of rapidly infused 0.9% saline on the elimination rate constant in sheep. ⋯ Elimination from the central fluid space of large, rapidly infused volumes of saline solution is independent of infused volume. Larger volumes are apparently cleared from the central fluid space (V1) by expansion of a peripheral volume (V2) as renal excretion fails to increase in proportion to the volume of infused fluid.