Anesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Behavior of entropy/complexity measures of the electroencephalogram during propofol-induced sedation: dose-dependent effects of remifentanil.
Several new measures based on the regularity of the electroencephalogram signal for the assessment of depth of anesthesia/sedation have been proposed recently. In this study we analyze the influence of remifentanil and electroencephalogram frequency content of the performance of a set of such measures. ⋯ Cutting off high frequencies from the electroencephalogram and increased remifentanil concentration deteriorate the performance of the electroencephalogram-based entropy/complexity measures as indicators of the depth of propofol sedation.
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Propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol) has some volatility, so it can be detected in expired breath of individuals receiving intravenous propofol. This study measured volatile propofol exhaled by patients and investigated the relation between exhaled and plasma propofol concentrations. ⋯ Agreement between plasma and exhaled propofol concentrations suggests that proton transfer mass spectrometry can be used for real-time propofol monitoring.
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Cannabinoids bind to cannabinoid receptors type 1 and 2 and produce analgesia in several pain models, but central side effects from cannabinoid 1 receptors limit their clinical use. Cannabinoid 2 receptors reduce inflammatory responses in the periphery by acting on immune cells, and they are present on glia in the central nervous system. This study tested whether spinal cannabinoid activation would induce analgesia, glial inhibition, and central side effects in a postoperative model or incisional pain. ⋯ These data indicate that intrathecal administration of cannabinoid receptor agonists may provide postoperative analgesia while reducing spinal glial activation, and that selective cannabinoid 2 receptor agonists may do so without central side effects.