Anesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Lidocaine Patch (5%) in Treatment of Persistent Inguinal Postherniorrhaphy Pain: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Crossover Trial.
Evidence-based pharmacological treatment options for patients with persistent inguinal postherniorrhaphy pain are lacking. ⋯ Lidocaine patch treatment did not reduce combined resting and dynamic pain ratings compared with placebo in patients with severe, persistent inguinal postherniorrhaphy pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Increased Risk of Intraoperative Awareness in Patients with a History of Awareness.
Patients with a history of intraoperative awareness are five-times more likely to experience awareness than those without.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Six Percent Hydroxyethyl Starch 130/0.4 (Voluven®) versus 5% Human Serum Albumin for Volume Replacement Therapy during Elective Open-heart Surgery in Pediatric Patients.
Although 5% albumin (human serum albumin [HSA]) is widely used in cardiac surgery children, synthetic colloids may provide a valuable alternative. This study compared 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130/0.4 with HSA for volume replacement in this population. ⋯ In pediatric cardiac surgery, HES showed equivalence to HSA with regard to volume replacement therapy in children aged from 2 to 12 yr. Although there was no suggestion of an imbalance of safety measures between HES and HSA, the study was not powered to provide any firm conclusions about safety of tetrastarch in this population.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Pregabalin rectifies aberrant brain chemistry, connectivity, and functional response in chronic pain patients.
Chronic pain remains a significant challenge for modern health care as its pathologic mechanisms are largely unknown and preclinical animal models suffer from limitations in assessing this complex subjective experience. However, human brain neuroimaging techniques enable the assessment of functional and neurochemical alterations in patients experiencing chronic pain and how these factors may dynamically change with pharmacologic treatment. ⋯ The results of this study suggest that pregabalin works in part by reducing insular glutamatergic activity, leading to a reduction of the increased functional connectivity seen between brain regions in chronic pain states. The study also supports a role for human brain imaging in the development, assessment, and personalized use of central-acting analgesics.