Der Urologe. Ausg. A
-
Nosocomial infections (NI) may be a serious and mostly avoidable consequence of medical procedures and often cause a significant aggravation of the patients underlying disease. Following surgical site infections, urinary tract infections (UTI) represent the second most common fraction of NIs (22.4%) in Germany and contribute to approximately 155,000 nosocomial UTIs (nUTI) every year. Prevention of NI is of utmost individual as well as socioeconomic importance especially regarding the continuing worldwide increase in antibiotic resistance. ⋯ Their practical importance for various clinical settings in urology is outlined in this overview. The correct use of urinary catheters has the greatest impact for prevention and control as nUTIs are associated with urinary catheters in most of the cases (80%). The recently updated guidelines of the Commission for Hospital Hygiene and Infection Prevention of the Robert Koch Institute (KRINKO) and the Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany (AWMF) provide detailed recommendations in an evidence-based and practice-oriented manner as summarized in this article.
-
Der Urologe. Ausg. A · Oct 2014
[Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis for major urological interventions].
With the emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria reaching alarming levels and the year-long developmental void of new antimicrobial drugs, the rational and appropriate use of antibiotics is of paramount importance. The number of surgical interventions is still increasing so that surgical site infections represent the most frequent form of nosocomial infection. ⋯ The indications for perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis depend on the type of surgical procedure, the classification of operative wounds as well as individual patient and operation-related risk factors.