Clinical radiology
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Comparative Study
18F-FDG-PET/MRI in preoperative staging of oesophageal and gastroesophageal junctional cancer.
To evaluate integrated 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (18F-FDG) positron-emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in comparison with the standard technique, integrated 18F-FDG-PET/computed tomography (CT), in preoperative staging of oesophageal or gastroesophageal junctional cancer. ⋯ Preoperative staging with 18F-FDG-PET/MRI is safe and promising with the potential to enhance tissue resolution in the area of interest. 18F-FDG-PET/MRI and 18F-FDG-PET/CT correlated well for most of the measured values and discrepancies were seen mainly in the assessment of the T-stage. These results facilitate further studies investigating the role of 18F-FDG-PET/MRI in, e.g., predicting or determining the response to neoadjuvant therapy.
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To evaluate the preoperative differentiation between the minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) and invasive adenocarcinoma (IAC) in patients with sub-solid pulmonary nodules using a radiomics nomogram. ⋯ The proposed radiomics nomogram has the potential to preoperatively differentiate MIA and IAC in patients with sub-solid pulmonary nodules.
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This article reviews current limitations and future opportunities for the application of computer-aided detection (CAD) systems and artificial intelligence in breast imaging. Traditional CAD systems in mammography screening have followed a rules-based approach, incorporating domain knowledge into hand-crafted features before using classical machine learning techniques as a classifier. The first commercial CAD system, ImageChecker M1000, relies on computer vision techniques for pattern recognition. ⋯ This requires a large and representative dataset for testing and assessment of the reader's interaction with the tools. A cost-effectiveness assessment should be undertaken, with a large feasibility study carried out to ensure there are no unintended consequences. AI-CAD systems should incorporate explainable AI in accordance with the European Union General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).
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Comparative Study
Comparing the value of DKI and DTI in detecting isocitrate dehydrogenase genotype of astrocytomas.
To compare the value of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in evaluating astrocytomas with an isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) genotype. ⋯ DKI may be a new imaging biomarker for evaluating the IDH genotype of astrocytomas, which is more accurate and stable than DTI.
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Comparative Study
Diffusion-weighted imaging of the kidney: comparison between simultaneous multi-slice and integrated slice-by-slice shimming echo planar sequence.
To compare the simultaneous multi-slice (SMS) and integrated slice-by-slice shimming (iShim) single-shot echo planar imaging (ssEPI) for diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) of the kidneys. ⋯ SMS can substantially reduce imaging time of kidney DWI with slightly improved image quality and comparable ADC values of renal parenchyma compared to iShim ss-EPI sequence.