Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 1976
Anesthesia and the modification of response to infection in mice.
Anesthetic-induced immunosuppression, if clinically significant, could modify the natural course of infectious disease in vivo. To test this bypothesis, the localized response to IM Candida albicans and the mortality following fecal peritonitis were examined in anesthetized mice. Using these 2 models, halothane anesthesia was found not to modify the natural history of local sepsis but to significantly accentuate the mortality associated with the more severe infection. Possible explanations for these results include significant inhibition of reticuloendothelial function or plasma opsonization with relatively minor derangements of peripheral leukocyte capability.
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The current status of obstetric anesthesia training in the United States is reviewed. The 39 anesthesia residency training programs having full time chiefs of obstetric anesthesia were surveyed regarding clinical practice, physical facilities, teaching and research. This paper reports the results and compares them to recommendations of JCAH, ACOG and ASA, concerning standards of patient care and resident teaching.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 1976
Local anesthetic agents--pharmacologic basis for use in obstetrics: a review.
Because of the minimal effects on mother and fetus, regional anesthetic technics are widely employed for labor and delivery. However, the literature describes at least 35 fetal and neonatal deaths and a frightening incidence of fetal distress associated with paracervical block for 1st-stage labor. ⋯ Bupivacaine, a relatively new, long-lasting local anesthetic, is extemely toxic when administered paracervically, but no deaths have been reported with its use for epidural anesthesia. While choice of method and agent must be individualized, continuous lumbar epidural block with bupivacaine appears as effective as and less often dangerous to the fetus than paracervical block.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 1976
Comparative StudyAdvantages of infant ventilators over adapted adult ventilators in pediatrics.
A lung simulator with variable compliance and resistance components was used to evaluate the dynamic compliance of the Bournes, Babybird, and Pediatric Emerson postoperative ventilators. With increase in airway pressure from combined changes in compliance and resistance, the internal compliance of the Bournes was lowest and the internal compliance of the Emerson was highest. ⋯ With constant lung compliance (10 ml/cm H2O) and increasing airway resistance, the Babybird had marked volume losses at higher volumes. Under all simulated conditions, internal compliance of the Emerson, although large, was relatively constant and the Bournes had the smallest internal compliance.