Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 1978
A test of the carcinogenicity of enflurane, isoflurane, halothane, methoxyflurane, and nitrous oxide in mice.
We exposed Swiss ICR mice for 2-hour periods to 1/32, 1/8 and/or 1/2 MAC enflurane, halothane, isoflurane, methoxyflurane, or N2O both in utero during the last 1/2 of pregnancy (4 exposures at 2-day intervals) and after delivery (24 exposures at 2-to-3-day intervals). Anesthetics were delivered in air or in O2. ⋯ There was no indication that a specific anesthetic or anesthetic dose was carcinogenic. Our results do not confirm the suggestion that isoflurane is a hepatocarcinogen, nor do our data suggest that the modern inhaled anesthetics pose a significant threat of carcinogenicity.
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Gastric fluid pH was measured immediately after anesthetic induction in 150 fasted adult patients with or without prior cimetidine. All patients had received morphine-atropine preanesthetic medication. ⋯ In contrast, gastric fluid pH was above 2.5 in only 20/50 patients (40%) not receiving cimetidine. We conclude that oral cimetidine administered 60 to 90 minutes before anesthetic induction is a practical way to increase gastric fluid pH above 2.5 in the majority of fasting adult patients.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 1978
Halothane and enflurane protect against bronchospasm in an asthma dog model.
Experimental asthma was induced in 6 dogs previously sensitized to ascaris antigen by ventilating them with aerosolyzed ascaris antigen for 10 minutes. Pulmonary resistance was calculated from simultaneous pressure and flow measurements at a long volume 200 ml above functional residual capacity. ⋯ These differences in responses of pulmonary resistance were statistically significant at 0.05 level. Halothane and enflurane were equally effective in decreasing pulmonary resistance in an ascaris antigen dog model of asthma.