Anesthesia and analgesia
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 1982
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialEpidural morphine for postoperative pain relief: a comparative study with intramuscular narcotic and intercostal nerve block.
The relatively new technique of epidural morphine analgesia was compared with two well established method of pain relief in 90 patients undergoing gallbladder surgery and divided randomly into three groups of 30 patients each. The first group received intramuscular narcotic analgesic ketobemidone, the second group was given 0.5% bupivacaine-epinephrine intercostal nerve block, and the third group received a single dose of 4 mg of epidural morphine for postoperative pain relief. The mean duration of analgesia after ketobemidone was 5.5 hours, and after intercostal block 11 hours. ⋯ Delayed respiratory depression was not encountered after epidural morphine. It is concluded that a single dose of 4 mg of epidural morphine provides excellent regional analgesia of long duration without drowsiness or circulatory of respiratory depression thus facilitating early ambulation. The technique is superior to more common methods of pain relief after gallbladder surgery, e.g., intercostal nerve block and intramuscular narcotics.
-
The effect of the new H2 receptor antagonist ranitidine on gastric pH was studied using a double-blind technique in 36 patients undergoing elective surgery, 18 of whom were given 150 mg of ranitidine orally the night before and on the morning of surgery. The incidence of gastric residue pH higher than 2.5 (p less than 0.01) was significantly greater in patients given ranitidine than in 18 untreated control patients. The mean volume of gastric aspirate in the treated group as 6.7 ml (range 2 to 20 ml) compared with the control group 15.6 ml (range 2 to 44 ml). The higher potency, longer duration of action, and fewer side effects of ranitidine compared with cimetidine suggest that this drug may have clinical advantages over other H2 receptor antagonists.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 1982
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA clinical double-blind study of dibucaine and tetracaine in spinal anesthesia.
The effects of 0.25% dibucaine and 0.5% tetracaine used for the production of spinal anesthesia were compared in 30 healthy surgical patients. Fifteen patients were assigned to each of the two agents using a randomized, observer and patient-blinded method. ⋯ There were no differences in success rate, in latency, or in duration of action between the two spinal anesthetic agents. Tetracaine was found to be associated with a significantly greater decrease in arterial pressure and more complete motor blockade.