Anesthesia and analgesia
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The hemodynamic effects of high-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) and conventional ventilation were compared in normovolemic and functionally hypovolemic dogs. In normovolemic animals, no differences in hemodynamic function were found among spontaneous ventilation, conventional ventilation, and HFJV. When venous return was impaired by 15 cm H2O PEEP, cardiac index and stroke index were 25% higher with HFJV than with conventional ventilation (P less than 0.05). ⋯ There were no differences between synchronous and asynchronous HFJV. These results indicate that hemodynamic dysfunction may be less likely with HFJV than conventional ventilation. No advantage of synchronizing jet pulsations to a specific part of the cardiac cycle could be demonstrated.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Mar 1983
Twitch depression and train-of-four ratio after antagonism of pancuronium with edrophonium, neostigmine, or pyridostigmine.
During N2O-O2-halothane anesthesia pancuronium (3 mg/70 kg) was antagonized with neostigmine (2.5 or 5 mg/70 kg), pyridostigmine (10 or 20 mg/70 kg), or edrophonium (50 or 100 mg/70 kg) in 36 human subjects (6 in each group). Reversal was attempted at 10% spontaneous recovery of muscle twitch, which was measured using train-of-four stimulation. ⋯ It was concluded that the three antagonists have different mechanisms of action. In comparison with neostigmine, edrophonium is more and pyridostigmine is less effective at presynaptic (or fade) receptors.