Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jan 1988
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialAwakening concentrations of isoflurane are not affected by analgesic doses of morphine.
A randomized, double-blind study was performed to determine how morphine 0.1 mg/kg IV, or placebo administered 80 +/- 11 (means +/- SE) minutes before the end of surgery affect recovery from isoflurane/oxygen anesthesia. End-tidal isoflurane remained constant at 1.10 +/- 0.02% (means +/- SE) in both groups intraoperatively, and no other anesthetics were given after the administration of the morphine or placebo. ⋯ At the time of eye-opening, end-tidal isoflurane concentrations did not differ between subjects receiving morphine (0.20 +/- 0.02%) and placebo (0.18 +/- 0.01%). It is concluded that the awakening concentration (MAC-awake) during recovery from isoflurane anesthesia is approximately 0.19% and is not affected by analgesic doses or morphine.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jan 1988
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of bupivacaine and alkalinized bupivacaine in brachial plexus anesthesia.
To define the effect of alkalinization of bupivacaine 0.5% in subclavian perivascular brachial plexus blockade, the time to onset, time to peak effect, and 6-hour regression of sensory and motor blockade were determined. Sixty physical status ASA I and II patients were randomly allocated to one of two groups and a double-blind design was used: group I (n = 30) received bupivacaine 0.5% (pH, 5.5) 3 mg/kg, while group II (n = 30) received alkalinized bupivacaine 0.5% (pH, 7.05-7.15) 3 mg/kg. Onset and regression of sensory blockade were determined by pinprick in the C4-T2 skin dermatomes, while motor blockade was assessed using a scheme of proximal to distal muscle group paralysis. ⋯ Similarly, no difference in time to onset of motor blockade (group I, 6.9 +/- 1.7 min; group II, 6.3 +/- 1.5 min) or time to peak motor effect (group I, 18.1 +/- 1.9 min; group II, 15.1 +/- 1.9 min) was observed. Regression of postoperative sensory and motor blockade was similar in both groups. It is concluded that alkalinization of bupivacaine 0.5% solutions does not confer any added clinical advantage in subclavian perivascular brachial plexus blockade when compared with commercially available bupivacaine.