Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Aug 2007
Comparative StudySevoflurane, but not propofol, prevents Rho kinase-dependent contraction induced by sphingosylphosphorylcholine in the porcine coronary artery.
Sphingosylphosphorylcholine may induce coronary vasospasm by the activation of Rho kinase. We designed the current study to examine the differential effects of anesthetics on Rho kinase activation induced by sphingosylphosphorylcholine in porcine coronary arteries. ⋯ Sphingosylphosphorylcholine induces coronary vasocontriction via activation of Rho kinase. Sevoflurane, but not propofol, inhibits this pathway, resulting in prevention of vasoconstriction.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Aug 2007
The antibacterial activity of tramadol against bacteria associated with infectious complications after local or regional anesthesia.
Tramadol is a synthetic analog of codeine with opioid and local anesthetic properties. It is used as a central-acting analgesic, and recently, in subcutaneous or intradermal injections, as a local anesthetic. We investigated in vitro the antibacterial activity of tramadol in the absence of any local anesthetics against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa pathogens that can cause infectious complications after local or regional anesthesia. ⋯ Tramadol has dose- and time-dependent bactericidal activity against E. coli and S. epidermidis, as well as antibacterial activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. The antibacterial properties of tramadol may be useful for reducing the risk of bacterial infection after local or regional anesthesia.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Aug 2007
Operating room managerial decision-making on the day of surgery with and without computer recommendations and status displays.
There are three basic types of decision aids to facilitate operating room (OR) management decision-making on the day of surgery. Decision makers can rely on passive status displays (e.g., big screens or whiteboards), active status displays (e.g., text pager notification), and/or command displays (e.g., text recommendations about what to do). ⋯ Anesthesia providers and nursing staff made decisions that increased clinical work per unit time in each OR, even when doing so resulted in an increase in over-utilized OR time, higher staffing costs, unpredictable work hours, and/or mandatory overtime. Organizational culture and socialization during clinical training may be a cause. Command displays showed promise in mitigating this tendency. Additional investigations are in our companion paper.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Aug 2007
Acoustic monitoring of lung sounds for the detection of one-lung intubation.
Monitoring methods for the early diagnosis of one-lung intubation (OLI) are nonspecific and controversial. In this study, we evaluated a new acoustic monitoring system for the detection of OLI. ⋯ Higher detection values can be achieved at the price of a higher incidence of false alarms.