Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2015
The Effects of Different Concentrations of the α2-Adrenoceptor Agonist Medetomidine on Basal Excitatory Synaptic Transmission and Synaptic Plasticity in Hippocampal Slices of Adult Mice.
α2-Adrenoceptor agonists are used frequently in human and veterinary anesthesia as sedative/analgesic drugs. However, they can impair cognition. Little is known about the concentration-dependent effects of α2-adrenoceptor agonists on synaptic plasticity, the neurophysiological basis of learning and memory. Therefore, we investigated the effects of different concentrations of medetomidine, an α2-adrenoceptor agonist, on basal excitatory synaptic transmission and on 2 forms of synaptic plasticity: paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) and long-term potentiation (LTP). ⋯ Medetomidine decreased LTP in the mouse hippocampus, in accordance with the ability of medetomidine to induce memory deficits.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyBilateral Paravertebral Blockade (T7-10) Versus Incisional Local Anesthetic Administration for Pediatric Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Prospective, Randomized Clinical Study.
Single-injection paravertebral nerve blocks (PVBs) provide effective postoperative analgesia after adult laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). We sought to compare PVBs with local anesthetic injections at laparoscopic port sites in a pediatric population. ⋯ PVBs did not reduce postoperative pain associated with pediatric LC but decreased intraoperative fentanyl requirements.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2015
Review Practice GuidelineCritical care basic ultrasound learning goals for american anesthesiology critical care trainees: recommendations from an expert group.
In this review, we define learning goals and recommend competencies concerning focused basic critical care ultrasound (CCUS) for critical care specialists in training. ⋯ Immediate bedside availability of ultrasound resources can dramatically improve the ability of critical care physicians to care for critically ill patients. Anesthesia--critical care medicine training should have definitive expectations and performance standards for basic CCUS interpretation by anesthesiology--critical care specialists. The learning goals in this review reflect current trends in the multispecialty critical care environment where ultrasound-based diagnostic strategies are already frequently applied. These competencies should be formally taught as part of an established anesthesiology-critical care medicine graduate medical education programs.