Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 1984
Comparative StudyRegional blood flow in dogs during halothane anesthesia and controlled hypotension produced by nitroprusside or nitroglycerin.
We used the radioactive microsphere method to measure and compare the effects of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and nitroglycerin (NTG) on organ blood flow during hypotension induced by each drug. The study was done in 10 dogs anesthetized using 0.7% end-tidal halothane. Each animal received both SNP and NTG to decrease the mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) to 45 mm Hg, but the sequence in which the drugs were administered was alternated. ⋯ NTG increased myocardial blood flow (P less than 0.05), while SNP decreased blood flow to brain (P less than 0.05) and kidneys (P less than 0.01). Both drugs decreased blood flow to the spleen (P less than 0.001). Our results indicate that during the first few minutes of NTG-induced hypotension, blood flows to all organs except the spleen are well-maintained, while the first few minutes of SNP-induced hypotension are associated with decreases in blood flow to brain and kidneys as well as to the spleen.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Apr 1984
Neonatal neurobehavioral responses after epidural anesthesia for cesarean section using lidocaine and bupivacaine.
We compared the early neonatal neurobehavioral responses after lumbar epidural anesthesia for elective cesarean section using 2% lidocaine (n = 10) and 0.5% bupivacaine (n = 21). We tested the infants at 4 and 24 hr after birth and found that the neonates in the lidocaine group scored as well as those in the bupivacaine group on all parameters of the early neonatal neurobehavioral score (ENNS). ⋯ We concluded that 2% lidocaine does not compromise newborn outcome when compared to 0.5% bupivacaine and that it provides a satisfactory choice for use during elective cesarean section in healthy pregnancies. This conclusion is important in the light of the current concern over the safety of the use of chloroprocaine and bupivacaine in obstetric anesthesia.