Acta medica Iranica
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Acta medica Iranica · Jan 2011
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparison of the efficacy of nifedipine and hydralazine in hypertensive crisis in pregnancy.
Intravenous hydralazine is a commonly administered arteriolar vasodilator that is effective for hypertensive emergencies associated with pregnancy. Oral nifedipine is an alternative in management of these patients. In this study the efficacy of nifedipine and hydralazine in pregnancy was compared in a group of Iranian patients. ⋯ Nifedipine and hydralazine are safe and effective antihypertensive drugs, showing a controlled and comparable blood pressure reduction in women with hypertensive emergencies in pregnancy. Both drugs reduce episodes of persistent severe hypertension. Considering pharmacokinetic properties of nifedipine such as rapid onset and long duration of action, the good oral bioavailability and less frequent side effects, it looks more preferable in hypertension emergencies of pregnancy than hydralazine.
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Acta medica Iranica · Jan 2011
Pulmonary complications of mustard gas exposure: a study on cadavers.
Sulfur mustard gas is one of the chemical warfare gases that roughly about 45000 soldiers continue to suffer long-lasting consequences of exposure during the Iran-Iraq war between 1980 and 1988. According to the common pulmonary lesions due to this gas exposure, we studied gross and microscopic pulmonary lesions in cadavers and also assessed the main causes of mortality caused by mustard gas exposure. A case-series study was performed on hospital record files of 100 cadavers that were exposed with documented sulfur mustard gas during the Iran-Iraq war from 1979 to 1988 and autopsied in legal medicine organization In Tehran between 2005 and 2007 and gross and microscopic pathological findings of autopsied organs such as hematological, pulmonary, hepatic, and renal changes were evaluated. ⋯ The most frequent pulmonary complication was chronic bronchitis in 81% of autopsied cadavers. Other pulmonary findings were progressive pulmonary fibrosis (9%), pulmonary infections and tuberculosis (29%), malignant cellular infiltration (4%), and aspergilloma (1%). According to the chronic progressive lesions caused by mustard gas exposure such as pulmonary lesions and also its high mortality rate, suitable programming for protection of the gas exposed persons and prohibiting chemical warfare are recommended.
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Acta medica Iranica · Jan 2011
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparing the efficacy of prophylactic p6 acupressure, ondansetron, metoclopramide and placebo in the prevention of vomiting and nausea after strabismus surgery.
To compare the efficacy of acupressure wrist bands, ondansetron, metoclopramide and placebo in the prevention of vomiting and nausea after strabismus surgery. Two hundred patients, ASA physical status I or II, aged between 10 and 60 years, undergoing strabismus surgery in Farabi Hospital in 2007-2008 years, were included in this randomized, prospective, double-blind and placebo-controlled study. Group I was the Control, group II received metoclopramide 0.2 mg/kg, group III received ondansetron 0.15 mg/kg iv just before induction, in Group IV acupressure wristbands were applied at the P6 points. ⋯ A P value of < 0.05 was taken as significant. The incidence of PONV was not significantly different in acupressure, metoclopramide and ondansetron during the 24 hours. Acupressure at P6 causes a significant reduction in the incidence of PONV 24 hours after strabismus surgery as well as metoclopramide 0.2 mg/kg and ondansetron 0.15 mg/kg iv for patients aged 10 or more.
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Acta medica Iranica · Jan 2011
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of cryoanalgesia on post-thoracotomy pain.
We prepared this study to determine the effect of cryoanalgesia on post-thoracotomy pain. In this double-blinded randomized clinical trial, 60 patients who underwent thoracotomy were divided into two groups (control and cryoanalgesia). Visual Analogue Scale (VAS, 0-10) was used for the measurement of severity of post-thoracotomy pain. ⋯ The mild pain on the seventh day was 13.3% and 83.3% in the control and cryoanalgesia groups, respectively (P < 0.01). Pethidine consumption was 151.6 ± 27 mg in the control group and 87.5 ±48 mg in the cryoanalgesia group on the first day post-operation (P < 0.001). Cryoanalgesia is a useful technique with not serious side effects in order to alleviate post-thoracotomy pain and reduce the need for opiate consumption.
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Acta medica Iranica · Jan 2011
Randomized Controlled TrialDoes intravenous fentanyl affect Apgar scores and umbilical vessel blood gas parameters in cesarean section under general anesthesia?
The administration of opioids during induction of general anesthesia is a matter of challenge in obstetric anesthesia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of intravenous fentanyl before induction of general anesthesia on the"1st and 5th minutes' Apgar scores" in neonates with elective cesarean surgery. In a double blinded randomized clinical trial on 60 parturients undergoing elective cesarean surgeries under general anesthesia in Vali-e-Asr Hospital, in Tehran, Iran, were divided randomly into two groups; the intervention group and the control. ⋯ Based on the results of this study, the administration of 1 µg/Kg intravenous Fentanyl, three minutes before induction of anesthesia for cesarean section can lead to a stable hemodynamic situation in mother and showed no effects on neonate`s outcomes. Fentanyl showed no effects on Apgar scores and on umbilical cord arterial and venous blood gases analysis and it probably can be used safely in elective cesarean surgeries. More studies are required to obtain a clear view.