The Annals of thoracic surgery
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In this study we investigate the frequency and mortality of acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) after pulmonary resection. ⋯ In our experience ALI and ARDS are major causes of mortality after lung resection.
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Dysphagia can be a significant complication following cardiac operations. This study evaluates its incidence and relationship to intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) for specific indications versus known factors such as stroke or prolonged intubation. ⋯ TEE may be an independent risk factor for dysphagia following cardiac operations.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Amelioration of the bleeding tendency of preoperative aspirin after aortocoronary bypass grafting.
Aspirin therapy is widely used in the treatment of cardiac disease. It has been recognized as a causative factor for increased bleeding and blood loss after open heart operations. ⋯ High-dose aprotinin was highly effective in reducing bleeding in this high-risk group of patients. Biochemical analyses suggest the mechanism by which aspirin increases blood loss after cardiopulmonary bypass is different from the blood-preserving effects of aprotinin, which is acting as an antifibrinolytic agent.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Continuous pulmonary perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass prevents lung injury in infants.
Lung injury after cardiopulmonary bypass is a serious complication for infants with congenital heart disease and pulmonary hypertension. Excessive neutrophil sequestration in the lung occurring after reestablishment of pulmonary circulation implies that interaction between neutrophils and pulmonary endothelium is the major cause of lung injury. ⋯ Our study demonstrates that arrested pulmonary circulation during cardiopulmonary bypass is the major risk factor of lung injury and that continuous pulmonary perfusion is effective in preventing lung injury.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Biologically variable pulsation improves jugular venous oxygen saturation during rewarming.
Conventional pulsatile (CP) roller pump cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) was compared to computer controlled biologically variable pulsatile (BVP) bypass designed to return beat-to-beat variability in rate and pressure with superimposed respiratory rhythms. Jugular venous O2 saturation (SjvO2) below 50% during rewarming from hypothermia was compared for the two bypass techniques. A SjvO2 less than 50% during rewarming is correlated with cognitive dysfunction in humans. ⋯ Computer-controlled BVP resulted in significantly greater SjvO2 during rewarming from hypothermic CPB. Both mean and cumulative area under the curve for SjvO2 less than 50% exceeded a ratio of 20 to 1 for CP versus BVP. Cerebral oxygenation is better preserved during rewarming from moderate hypothermia with bypass that returns biological variability to the flow pattern.