Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Dec 2000
Review Comparative Study[Atypical neuroleptics: new approaches to drug therapy of schizophrenic disorders].
The introduction of conventional antipsychotics revolutionized the management of psychotic disorders in the 1950s. The use of these agents has been marked by several shortcomings, including their association with severe motor disturbances and their limited efficacy in treating the negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia. Patients noncompliance has largely been the result of subjectively distressing extrapyramidal motor side-effects (EPMS). ⋯ The implications of EPMS reduction touch several domains of pathology in schizophrenia such as short- and long-term movement disorders, noncompliance, relapse rate, negative symptoms and cognitive dysfunction. Novel antipsychotics may represent the second pharmacological revolution in the treatment of psychotic disorders. There is, however, still a need for a critical evaluation of the risk-benefit-ratio of differing atypical agents.
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Dec 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffect of pre-emptive hydromorphone administration on postoperative pain relief--a randomized controlled trial.
Pre-emptive analgesia represents a treatment strategy which tries to prevent the development of pain by inhibiting central reactions to peripheral sensory stimuli. In a prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study, the effect of oral premedication with 4 mg of a slow-release hydromorphone preparation on postoperative piritramide consumption and subjective pain perception is being evaluated. ⋯ In our study, oral administration of 4 mg of slow-release hydromorphone did not show any greater pre-emptive analgesic effect than placebo.