Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Jul 2021
ReviewImmunotherapy and vaccination against infectious diseases.
Due to the overuse of antibiotics, infections, in particular those caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria, are becoming more and more frequent. Despite the worldwide introduction of antibiotic therapy, vaccines and constant improvements in hygiene, the burden of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections is increasing and is expected to rise in the future. The development of monoclonal therapeutic antibodies and specific immunomodulatory drugs represent new treatment options in the fight against infectious diseases. This article provides a brief overview of recent advances in immunomodulatory therapy and other strategies in the treatment of infectious disease.
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Jul 2021
Complete hemogram: simple and cost-effective in staging and predicting outcome in acute pancreatitis.
An important goal in management of acute pancreatitis (AP) is early prediction and recognition of disease severity. Various predictive scoring systems are in clinical use with their own limitations and there is always a quest for simple, practical, quantifiable, dynamic and readily available markers for predicting disease severity and outcome. Complete hemogram is routinely ordered in all patients with AP. In recent years red cell distribution width (RDW), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have been found to be independent predictors of prognosis in various benign and malignant conditions. This prospective study evaluated complete hemogram based markers in AP. ⋯ Hemogram based markers are simple, objective, dynamic and readily available. They can be considered in addition to conventional multifactorial scoring systems for prediction of outcome and prognosis of AP.
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Jul 2021
Observational StudyRisk factors for mortality in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a single center experience.
Despite current progress in research of congenital diaphragmatic hernia, its management remains challenging, requiring an interdisciplinary team for optimal treatment. ⋯ The survival rate in this cohort is comparable to the current literature. Parameters such as the side of the diaphragmatic defect, duration of ECMO and inhaled nitric oxide were assessed as mortality risk factors. This analysis of patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia enhances understanding of risk factors for mortality, helping to improve management and enabling further evaluation in prospective clinical trials.
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Jul 2021
Hereditary pancreatitis in childhood: course of disease and complications.
Hereditary pancreatitis is rare. Pain therapy for juvenile symptom onset, child development and the risk of pancreatic carcinoma in adulthood must be considered. ⋯ Patients with genetically caused chronic pancreatitis are rare. Their care ranges from pain therapy in childhood and adolescence to questions concerning family planning and pancreatic cancer prevention from mid-adulthood onward. The disease is challenging for the interdisciplinary cooperation. We found the step-up strategy to be a good option for pain therapy. A national registry monitored by scientific societies with active recruitment for screening examinations will further improve and ensure care in the long term.
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Jul 2021
Outcomes of an HCV elimination program targeting the Viennese MSM population.
Recent reports suggest an increasing incidence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections among MSM (men-who-have-sex-with-men). Early treatment with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) achieves high cure rates and prevents further HCV transmission. We offered barrier-free HCV screening in the Viennese MSM population and immediate access to DAA treatment. ⋯ A targeted HCV test-and-treat program revealed a high prevalence of HCV seropositivity among Viennese MSM, potentially associated with high-risk sexual behavior and drug use. Early DAA treatment seems warranted in viremic HCV-MSM as SVR was 100%, which in turn prevents further HCV transmission.