Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Oct 2020
Medical radiation exposure from radiological and interventional procedures in Austria.
The aim of the study was to systematically evaluate the frequency of diagnostic and interventional X‑ray procedures and the corresponding population exposure in Austria. ⋯ This study provides a comprehensive estimate of procedure frequencies in Austria based on annually available, routinely collected data and of the corresponding collective effective dose. The results show that the frequency of computed tomography in Austria more than doubled within the last 14 years and is high compared to Germany and Switzerland. As in other countries, computed tomography is the largest contributor to the collective effective dose, identifying it as an area that deserves special attention for dose optimization.
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Oct 2020
Case ReportsLeprosy in a low-incidence setting : Case report relevant to metagenomic next generation sequencing applications.
Leprosy is a disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae that results in disability. In 2000 the World Health Organization announced that leprosy had been eradicated. In nonendemic areas diagnosing leprosy is becoming a challenge for inexperienced clinicians. ⋯ Paraffin-embedded tissue and fresh samples scraped from skin lesions were subjected to in-house PCR targeting 16S rRNA, hsp65, rpoB, rpoT, ribF-rpsO, and mmaA. Sanger sequencing of amplicons from fresh samples and paraffin-embedded tissue verified the presence of M. leprae. For inexperienced clinicians in nonendemic areas nucleic acid amplification tests, such as in-house PCR, are helpful for diagnosing leprosy but sequence reads from metagenomic next generation sequencing may also provide evidence when interpreted cautiously.
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Oct 2020
Epidemiological characteristics, clinical and laboratory findings supporting preliminary diagnosis of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in an endemic region in Turkey.
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne disease that has various symptoms. Since rapid diagnosis is crucial for survival, understanding the characteristics of patients is important for clinicians while waiting for results. This study aimed to evaluate findings that support the preliminary diagnosis of suspected CCHF in patients and take a look at the management of CCHF in Turkey. ⋯ As it takes a considerable time for a definitive diagnosis, determining epidemiological features and risk factors is an important step for preliminary diagnosis of CCHF as well as early implementation of precautions against nosocomial transmission of the virus.
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Oct 2020
Historical Article[The development of the Austrian medical system-250 years ago the "Sanitäts-Hauptnormativ", 150 years ago the "Reichs-Sanitätsgesetz"].
The first regulations of the healthcare system in the domains and cities of the German Empire were the infection and plague regulations issued in many places from the sixteenth century onwards; however, as early as 1348 the Venetian state formed precise state structures to combat the black death that had broken out in Europe at the time. These were taken over analogously and in part in the Austrian states. Defense measures against the plague became particularly important on the k. k. (imperial-royal) military frontier against the Ottoman Empire. ⋯ The last major step in the development of the Austrian public healthcare system was the Imperial Sanitary Act of 1870. This is also the basis for the current structure of healthcare administration. The sanitary tasks are (and were) regulated in the legislation and enforcement of the (k.k.) State, and the federal states (kingdoms and countries represented in the Imperial Assembly) and the municipalities in, however, still existing complex division of some affairs between federal, state and local authorities.