Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
-
Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Oct 2014
Prediction of cancer incidence in Tyrol/Austria for year of diagnosis 2020.
Prediction of the number of incident cancer cases is very relevant for health planning purposes and allocation of resources. The shift towards elder age groups in central European populations in the next decades is likely to contribute to an increase in cancer incidence for many cancer sites. In Tyrol, cancer incidence data have been registered on a high level of completeness for more than 20 years. We therefore aimed to compute well-founded predictions of cancer incidence for Tyrol for the year 2020 for all frequent cancer sites and for all cancer sites combined. ⋯ The increase in the number of incident cancer cases of 15 % in females and 21 % in males in the next decade is very relevant for planning purposes. However, external factors cause uncertainty in the prediction of some cancer sites (mainly prostate cancer and colorectal cancer) and the prediction intervals are still broad. Therefore, our predictions must be interpreted with some caution.
-
Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Oct 2014
Biography Historical Article[MUV Researcher of the Month, October 2014].
-
Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Oct 2014
ReviewBiological pathways involved in the development of inflammatory bowel disease.
Apoptosis, autophagy and necrosis are three distinct functional types of the mammalian cell death network. All of them are characterized by a number of cell's morphological changes. The inappropriate induction of cell death is involved in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases. ⋯ Recent findings have begun to explain the mechanisms by which intestinal epithelial cells are able to survive in such an environment and how loss of normal regulatory processes may lead to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This review focuses on the regulation of biological pathways in development and homeostasis in IBD. Better understanding of the physiological functions of biological pathways and their influence on inflammation, immunity, and barrier function will simplify our expertice of homeostasis in the gastrointestinal tract and in upgrading diagnosis and treatment.
-
Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Oct 2014
Comparative StudyComparability and quality of IgE-based in vitro allergy diagnosis: 25 years of external quality assessment.
A large variety of methods and a wide range of products from several manufacturers are available for IgE-based in vitro allergy testing. In the large majority of cases, the attending physician lacks information about the devices and products used in the laboratory performing the tests. To determine the comparability and reliability of different laboratories, we analyzed the findings of an international ring trial established in Austria 25 years ago. ⋯ Further analysis revealed more false-positive than false-negative antigen-specific IgE levels (17.1 vs. 5.2 %). The investigation of different allergen groups yielded excellent results for some allergens (97.8 % correct values for mites, or 99.6 % correct values for recombinant antigens), but quite unfavorable for others (21.4 % incorrect values for drugs). In view of this paucity of comparability and reliability, it would be appropriate to establish mandatory quality control in laboratories and manufacturing units.
-
Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Oct 2014
Daytime sleepiness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and severe obesity: prevalence, predictors, and therapy.
We sought to determine prevalence and predictors of excessive daytime sleepiness in patients with severe obesity with a body mass index (BMI) > 35 kg/m(2) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with an apnea-hypopnea index > 15/h. ⋯ Obese patients with OSA and excessive daytime sleepiness are characterized by younger age, longer TSTs, more frequent obstructive apneas, and oxygen desaturations < 80 % compared with patients without excessive daytime sleepiness. Excessive daytime sleepiness can be improved in more than 90 % of patients using CPAP therapy.